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We introduce Density sketches (DS): a succinct online summary of the data distribution. DS can accurately estimate point wise probability density. Interestingly, DS also provides a capability to sample unseen novel data from the underlying…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Aditya Desai , Benjamin Coleman , Anshumali Shrivastava

Data visualization is the process by which data of any size or dimensionality is processed to produce an understandable set of data in a lower dimensionality, allowing it to be manipulated and understood more easily by people. The goal of…

Graphics · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Alexander Kiefer , Md. Khaledur Rahman

Dense crowd counting aims to predict thousands of human instances from an image, by calculating integrals of a density map over image pixels. Existing approaches mainly suffer from the extreme density variances. Such density pattern shift…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-09 Chenfeng Xu , Kai Qiu , Jianlong Fu , Song Bai , Yongchao Xu , Xiang Bai

In the era of big data, graph sampling is indispensable in many settings. Existing sampling methods are mostly designed for static graphs, and aim to preserve basic structural properties of the original graph (such as degree distribution,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-02-07 Sandipan Sikdar , Tanmoy Chakraborty , Soumya Sarkar , Niloy Ganguly , Animesh Mukherjee

Accurately estimating data density is crucial for making informed decisions and modeling in various fields. This paper presents a novel nonparametric density estimation procedure that utilizes bivariate penalized spline smoothing over…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-29 Kunal Das , Shan Yu , Guannan Wang , Li Wang

Data analysis in high-dimensional spaces aims at obtaining a synthetic description of a data set, revealing its main structure and its salient features. We here introduce an approach providing this description in the form of a topography of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-02 Maria d'Errico , Elena Facco , Alessandro Laio , Alex Rodriguez

The histogram method is a powerful non-parametric approach for estimating the probability density function of a continuous variable. But the construction of a histogram, compared to the parametric approaches, demands a large number of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-12-29 Hideaki Kim , Hiroshi Sawada

Low-dimensional embeddings and visualizations are an indispensable tool for analysis of high-dimensional data. State-of-the-art methods, such as tSNE and UMAP, excel in unveiling local structures hidden in high-dimensional data and are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Jonas Fischer , Rebekka Burkholz , Jilles Vreeken

Selecting relevant features is an important and necessary step for intelligent machines to maximize their chances of success. However, intelligent machines generally have no enough computing resources when faced with huge volume of data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Hexiang Bai , Deyu Li , Jiye Liang , Yanhui Zhai

Handling visual complexity is a challenging problem in visualization owing to the subjectiveness of its definition and the difficulty in devising generalizable quantitative metrics. In this paper we address this challenge by measuring the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-26 B. Duffy , A. Dasgupta , R. Kosara , S. Walton , M. Chen

Pattern extraction algorithms are enabling insights into the ever-growing amount of today's datasets by translating reoccurring data properties into compact representations. Yet, a practical problem arises: With increasing data volumes and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-07-05 Michael Behrisch , Robert Krueger , Fritz Lekschas , Tobias Schreck , Nils Gehlenborg , Hanspeter Pfister

Line-based density plots are used to reduce visual clutter in line charts with a multitude of individual lines. However, these traditional density plots are often perceived ambiguously, which obstructs the user's identification of…

Graphics · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Yumeng Xue , Patrick Paetzold , Rebecca Kehlbeck , Bin Chen , Kin Chung Kwan , Yunhai Wang , Oliver Deussen

We provide a rigorous mathematical treatment to the crowding issue in data visualization when high dimensional data sets are projected down to low dimensions for visualization. By properly adjusting the capacity of high dimensional balls,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Rongrong Wang , Xiaopeng Zhang

Context. Visualization of 2D distributions is an essential task, commonly done with a 2D histogram. The histogram is built by subdividing the sample space into regions and color-coding the number of samples in each region. Aims. We aim to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-02 Igor Vaiman

The goal of diversity sampling is to select a representative subset of data in a way that maximizes information contained in the subset while keeping its cardinality small. We introduce the ordered diverse sampling problem based on a new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Ashish Tiwari , Mukul Singh , Ananya Singha , Arjun Radhakrishna

A central challenge in data visualization is to understand which data samples are required to generate an image of a data set in which the relevant information is encoded. In this work, we make a first step towards answering the question of…

Graphics · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Sebastian Weiss , Mustafa Işık , Justus Thies , Rüdiger Westermann

Small sample sizes are common in many disciplines, which necessitates pooling roughly similar datasets across multiple institutions to study weak but relevant associations between images and disease outcomes. Such data often manifest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Sotirios Panagiotis Chytas , Vishnu Suresh Lokhande , Peiran Li , Vikas Singh

Novel view synthesis from images, for example, with 3D Gaussian splatting, has made great progress. Rendering fidelity and speed are now ready even for demanding virtual reality applications. However, the problem of assisting humans in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ayaka Yasunaga , Hideo Saito , Dieter Schmalstieg , Shohei Mori

Even though image signals are typically acquired on a regular two dimensional grid, there exist many scenarios where non-regular sampling is possible. Non-regular sampling can remove aliasing. In terms of the non-regular sampling patterns,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-02 Simon Grosche , Jürgen Seiler , André Kaup

We develop a new sampling method to estimate eigenvector centrality on incomplete networks. Our goal is to estimate this global centrality measure having at disposal a limited amount of data. This is the case in many real-world scenarios…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Nicolò Ruggeri , Caterina De Bacco