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We derive a duality relation between one-loop integrals and phase-space integrals emerging from them through single cuts. The duality relation is realized by a modification of the customary +i0 prescription of the Feynman propagators. The…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-09-17 Stefano Catani , Tanju Gleisberg , Frank Krauss , German Rodrigo , Jan-Christopher Winter

We provide a unified operational framework for the study of causality, non-locality and contextuality, in a fully device-independent and theory-independent setting. Our work has its roots in the sheaf-theoretic framework for contextuality…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-31 Stefano Gogioso , Nicola Pinzani

Root-cause analysis in controlled time dependent systems poses a major challenge in applications. Especially energy systems are difficult to handle as they exhibit instantaneous as well as delayed effects and if equipped with storage, do…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-05 Philipp Alexander Schwarz , Johannes Oberpriller , Sven Klaassen

Causality defines the relationship between cause and effect. In multivariate time series field, this notion allows to characterize the links between several time series considering temporal lags. These phenomena are particularly important…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-01 Antonin Arsac , Aurore Lomet , Jean-Philippe Poli

A Random Graph is a random object which take its values in the space of graphs. We take advantage of the expressibility of graphs in order to model the uncertainty about the existence of causal relationships within a given set of variables.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Mauricio Gonzalez-Soto , Ivan R. Feliciano-Avelino , L. Enrique Sucar , Hugo J. Escalante Balderas

Unveiling hidden symmetries within Feynman diagrams is crucial for achieving more efficient computations in high-energy physics. In this paper, we study the symmetries underlying the causal Loop-Tree Duality (LTD) representations through a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-05-12 Irene Lopez Imaz , German Sborlini

In modeling multivariate time series for either forecast or policy analysis, it would be beneficial to have figured out the cause-effect relations within the data. Regression analysis, however, is generally for correlation relation, and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-23 Xingwei Hu

Quantum measurements are inherently probabilistic and quantum theory often forbids to precisely predict the outcomes of simultaneous measurements. This phenomenon is captured and quantified through uncertainty relations. Although studied…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-30 Carlos de Gois , Kiara Hansenne , Otfried Gühne

Geometry of networks endowed with a causal structure is discussed using the conventional framework of equilibrium statistical mechanics. The popular growing network models appear as particular causal models. We focus on a class of tree…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 P. Bialas , Z. Burda , J. Jurkiewicz , A. Krzywicki

We investigate flows on graphs whose links have random capacities. For binary trees we derive the probability distribution for the maximal flow from the root to a leaf, and show that for infinite trees it vanishes beyond a certain threshold…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Antal , P. L. Krapivsky

In Chapter 1 we fully characterise pairs of finite graphs which form a gap in the full homomorphism order. This leads to a simple proof of the existence of generalised duality pairs. We also discuss how such results can be carried to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-04 Yangjing Long

The letter submitted is an executive summary of our previous paper. To solve the Einstein Podolsky Rosen 'paradox' the two boundary quantum mechanics is taken as self consistent interpretation of quantum dynamics. The difficulty with this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-07 Fritz W. Bopp

We take causality and uniqueness of events observation as our driving forces. They are built in in the way we define distinct observers, which then require a finite time to communicate between each other. This unavoidably leads to the…

General Physics · Physics 2026-04-09 Antonio Pineda

This paper introduces a new framework for recovering causal graphs from observational data, leveraging the observation that the distribution of an effect, conditioned on its causes, remains invariant to changes in the prior distribution of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Nang Hung Nguyen , Phi Le Nguyen , Thao Nguyen Truong , Trong Nghia Hoang , Masashi Sugiyama

We discuss the duality theorem, which provides a relation between loop integrals and phase space integrals. We rederive the duality relation for the one-loop case and extend it to two and higher-order loops. We explicitly show its…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-11-03 Isabella Bierenbaum , Stefano Catani , Petros Draggiotis , German Rodrigo

Imagery is frequently used to model, represent and communicate knowledge. In particular, graphs are one of the most powerful tools, being able to represent relations between objects. Causal relations are frequently represented by directed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Alejandro Sobrino , Eduardo C. Garrido-Merchan , Cristina Puente

Consider a graph having quantum systems lying at each node. Suppose that the whole thing evolves in discrete time steps, according to a global, unitary causal operator. By causal we mean that information can only propagate at a bounded…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Pablo Arrighi , Simon Martiel

We apply a recent duality theorem for tangles in abstract separation systems to derive tangle-type duality theorems for width-parameters in graphs and matroids. We further derive a duality theorem for the existence of clusters in large data…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-24 Reinhard Diestel , Sang-il Oum

We study three classes of continuous time Markov processes (inclusion process, exclusion process, independent walkers) and a family of interacting diffusions (Brownian energy process). For each model we define a boundary driven process…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Gioia Carinci , Cristian Giardina' , Claudio Giberti , Frank Redig

We propose a definition of causality for time series in terms of the effect of an intervention in one component of a multivariate time series on another component at some later point in time. Conditions for identifiability, comparable to…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-06-26 Michael Eichler , Vanessa Didelez