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Causal graphs, such as directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) and partial ancestral graphs (PAGs), represent causal relationships among variables in a model. Methods exist for learning DAGs and PAGs from data and for converting DAGs to PAGs.…
Functional causal models (fCMs) specify functional dependencies between random variables associated to the vertices of a graph. In directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), fCMs are well-understood: a unique probability distribution on the random…
Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are used for modeling causal relationships, dependencies, and flows in various systems. However, spectral analysis becomes impractical in this setting because the eigendecomposition of the adjacency matrix…
We consider the problem of learning a set of direct causes of a target variable from an observational joint distribution. Learning directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) that represent the causal structure is a fundamental problem in science.…
In complex multivariate systems, interactions among variables are defined by dependency structures, often encoded as directed acyclic graphs ($\text{DAGs}$). However, dependency structures can vary across subjects, and ignoring this…
Directed Gaussian graphical models are statistical models that use a directed acyclic graph (DAG) to represent the conditional independence structures between a set of jointly normal random variables. The DAG specifies the model through…
We present a new family of models that is based on graphs that may have undirected, directed and bidirected edges. We name these new models marginal AMP (MAMP) chain graphs because each of them is Markov equivalent to some AMP chain graph…
We define Gaussian graphical models on directed acyclic graphs with coloured vertices and edges, calling them RDAG (restricted directed acyclic graph) models. If two vertices or edges have the same colour, their parameters in the model must…
We consider a a collection of categorical random variables. Of special interest is the causal effect on an outcome variable following an intervention on another variable. Conditionally on a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG), we assume that the…
Learning a faithful directed acyclic graph (DAG) from samples of a joint distribution is a challenging combinatorial problem, owing to the intractable search space superexponential in the number of graph nodes. A recent breakthrough…
We analyze the identifiability of directed acyclic graphs in the case of partial excitation and measurement. We consider an additive model where the nonlinear functions located in the edges depend only on a past input, and we analyze the…
In many application areas---lending, education, and online recommenders, for example---fairness and equity concerns emerge when a machine learning system interacts with a dynamically changing environment to produce both immediate and…
Dependency knowledge of the form "x is independent of y once z is known" invariably obeys the four graphoid axioms, examples include probabilistic and database dependencies. Often, such knowledge can be represented efficiently with…
Enumerating the directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) of a Markov equivalence class (MEC) is an important primitive in causal analysis. The central resource from the perspective of computational complexity is the delay, that is, the time an…
Ancestral graphs are a class of graphs that encode conditional independence relations arising in DAG models with latent and selection variables, corresponding to marginalization and conditioning. However, for any ancestral graph, there may…
Graphical Markov models combine conditional independence constraints with graphical representations of stepwise data generating processes.The models started to be formulated about 40 years ago and vigorous development is ongoing.…
Causality is important for designing interpretable and robust methods in artificial intelligence research. We propose a local approach to identify whether a variable is a cause of a given target under the framework of causal graphical…
Current approaches for modeling discrete-valued outcomes associated with spatially-dependent areal units incur computational and theoretical challenges, especially in the Bayesian setting when full posterior inference is desired. As an…
This paper considers the problem of defining distributions over graphical structures. We propose an extension of the hyper Markov properties of Dawid and Lauritzen [Ann. Statist. 21 (1993) 1272-1317], which we term structural Markov…
Maximal ancestral graphs (MAGs) are used to encode conditional independence relations in DAG models with hidden variables. Different MAGs may represent the same set of conditional independences and are called Markov equivalent. This paper…