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The search for the curl component (B mode) in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization induced by inflationary gravitational waves is described. The canonical single-field slow-roll model of inflation is presented, and we explain…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-05 Marc Kamionkowski , Ely D. Kovetz

We consider a novel contribution to the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background induced by vector and tensor modes generated by the non-linear evolution of primordial scalar perturbations. Our calculation is based on relativistic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Silvia Mollerach , Diego Harari , Sabino Matarrese

A primordial cosmic microwave background B-mode is widely considered a "smoking gun" signature of an early period of inflationary expansion. However, competing theories of the origin of structure, including string gases and bouncing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-11 Brian A. Powell

We investigate which practical constraints are imposed by foregrounds to the detection of the B-mode polarization generated by gravitational waves in the case of experiments of the type currently being planned. Because the B-mode signal is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Tucci , E. Martinez-Gonzalez , P. Vielva , J. Delabrouille

We propose a novel mechanism for enhancing the primordial gravitational waves without significantly affecting the curvature perturbations produced during inflation. This is achieved due to non-linear sourcing of resonantly amplified scalar…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-05 Yi-Fu Cai , Jie Jiang , Misao Sasaki , Valeri Vardanyan , Zihan Zhou

Primordial gravitational waves generated during inflation lead to the B-mode polarization in the cosmic microwave background and a stochastic gravitational wave background in the Universe. We will explore the current constraint on the tilt…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-28 Jun Li , Zu-Cheng Chen , Qing-Guo Huang

The temperature perturbations of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) appear systematically suppressed, at large angular scales, with respect to the prediction of the LambdaCDM concordance model. This behavior might be a glimpse…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Noriaki Kitazawa

We show that a detectable tensor-to-scalar ratio $(r\ge 10^{-3})$ on the CMB scale can be generated even during extremely low energy inflation which saturates the BBN bound $\rho_{\rm inf}\approx (30 {\rm MeV})^4$. The source of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-01 Tomohiro Fujita , Ryo Namba , Yuichiro Tada

The recent BICEP2 measurement of B-modes in the polarization of the cosmic microwave background suggests that inflation was driven by a field at an energy scale of $2\times 10^{16}$ GeV. I explore the potential of upcoming CMB polarization…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-21 Scott Dodelson

Distortions in the primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) along the line-of-sight can be modeled and described using 11 fields. These distortion fields correspond to various cosmological signals such as weak gravitational lensing of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-06 Amit P. S. Yadav , Meng Su , Matias Zaldarriaga

We investigate the observational signatures of three models of the early Universe in the $B$-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation. In addition to the standard single field inflationary model, we also consider…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-01-27 Yin-Zhe Ma , Wen Zhao , Michael L. Brown

We demonstrate that, for the baseline design of the CORE satellite mission, the polarized foregrounds can be controlled at the level required to allow the detection of the primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) $B$-mode polarization…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 M. Remazeilles , A. J. Banday , C. Baccigalupi , S. Basak , A. Bonaldi , G. De Zotti , J. Delabrouille , C. Dickinson , H. K. Eriksen , J. Errard , R. Fernandez-Cobos , U. Fuskeland , C. Hervías-Caimapo , M. López-Caniego , E. Martinez-González , M. Roman , P. Vielva , I. Wehus , A. Achucarro , P. Ade , R. Allison , M. Ashdown , M. Ballardini , R. Banerji , N. Bartolo , J. Bartlett , D. Baumann , M. Bersanelli , M. Bonato , J. Borrill , F. Bouchet , F. Boulanger , T. Brinckmann , M. Bucher , C. Burigana , A. Buzzelli , Z. -Y. Cai , M. Calvo , C. -S. Carvalho , G. Castellano , A. Challinor , J. Chluba , S. Clesse , I. Colantoni , A. Coppolecchia , M. Crook , G. D'Alessandro , P. de Bernardis , G. de Gasperis , J. -M. Diego , E. Di Valentino , S. Feeney , S. Ferraro , F. Finelli , F. Forastieri , S. Galli , R. Genova-Santos , M. Gerbino , J. González-Nuevo , S. Grandis , J. Greenslade , S. Hagstotz , S. Hanany , W. Handley , C. Hernandez-Monteagudo , M. Hills , E. Hivon , K. Kiiveri , T. Kisner , T. Kitching , M. Kunz , H. Kurki-Suonio , L. Lamagna , A. Lasenby , M. Lattanzi , J. Lesgourgues , A. Lewis , M. Liguori , V. Lindholm , G. Luzzi , B. Maffei , C. J. A. P. Martins , S. Masi , D. McCarthy , J. -B. Melin , A. Melchiorri , D. Molinari , A. Monfardini , P. Natoli , M. Negrello , A. Notari , A. Paiella , D. Paoletti , G. Patanchon , M. Piat , G. Pisano , L. Polastri , G. Polenta , A. Pollo , V. Poulin , M. Quartin , J. -A. Rubino-Martin , L. Salvati , A. Tartari , M. Tomasi , D. Tramonte , N. Trappe , T. Trombetti , C. Tucker , J. Valiviita , R. Van de Weijgaert , B. van Tent , V. Vennin , N. Vittorio , K. Young , M. Zannoni

The B-Mode of the Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization (CMBP) promises to detect the gravitational wave background left by Inflation and explore this very early period of the Universe. In spite of its importance, however, the cosmic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. Carretti

The prospects for direct measurements of inflationary gravitational waves by next generation interferometric detectors inferred from the possible detection of B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background are studied. We compute…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-10 Sachiko Kuroyanagi , Shinji Tsujikawa , Takeshi Chiba , Naoshi Sugiyama

The inflationary $B$-mode signals encode invaluable information about the origin of our Universe and searching for potential signatures of primordial gravitational waves (PGWs) is one of the major science goals for future precision…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-09 Sen Li , Chang Feng , Filipe B. Abdalla

Probing primordial curvature perturbations on small scales, beyond those accessible using cosmic microwave background (CMB) primary anisotropies and Lyman-$\alpha$ forest data, remains a major open challenge. Current constraints on the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-03 Aurora Ireland , Kuver Sinha , Tao Xu

We present a follow-up study to the method recently proposed by Namikawa and Sherwin (2023) to probe gravitational waves using cross-correlations between two cosmic microwave background (CMB) $B$-modes and a large-scale structure tracer. We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-29 Toshiya Namikawa , Irene Abril-Cabezas , Blake D. Sherwin

Detailed study of the scalar and tensor perturbation spectra can provide much information about the primordial fluctuation-generator, be it inflation or something else. The tensor perturbation spectrum may be observable through its…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. Knox

A key goal of many Cosmic Microwave Background experiments is the detection of gravitational waves, through their B-mode polarization signal at large scales. To extract such a signal requires modelling contamination from the Galaxy. Using…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Charmaine Armitage-Caplan , Joanna Dunkley , Hans Kristian Eriksen , Clive Dickinson

The detection of primordial gravitational waves, or tensor perturbations, would be regarded as compelling evidence for inflation. The canonical measure of this is the ratio of tensor to scalar perturbations, r. For single-field slow-roll…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-02-09 Shaun Hotchkiss , Anupam Mazumdar , Seshadri Nadathur