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Weird galaxies are outliers that have either unknown or very uncommon features making them different from the normal sample. These galaxies are very interesting as they may provide new insights into current theories, or can be used to form…
Distribution testing is a fundamental statistical task with many applications, but we are interested in a variety of problems where systematic mislabelings of the sample prevent us from applying the existing theory. To apply distribution…
This paper studies the construction of p-values for nonparametric outlier detection, taking a multiple-testing perspective. The goal is to test whether new independent samples belong to the same distribution as a reference data set or are…
Outlier detection is a major topic in robust statistics due to the high practical significance of anomalous observations. Many existing methods are, however, either parametric or cease to perform well when the data is far from linearly…
In the real world, a learning system could receive an input that is unlike anything it has seen during training. Unfortunately, out-of-distribution samples can lead to unpredictable behaviour. We need to know whether any given input belongs…
Outlier detection is one of the most important processes taken to create good, reliable data in machine learning. The most methods of outlier detection leverage an auxiliary reconstruction task by assuming that outliers are more difficult…
Consider a finite set of sources, each producing i.i.d. observations that follow a unique probability distribution on a finite alphabet. We study the problem of matching a finite set of observed sequences to the set of sources under the…
How can we detect outliers, both scattered and clustered, and also explicitly assign them to respective micro-clusters, without knowing apriori how many micro-clusters exist? How can we perform both tasks in-house, i.e., without any…
Unsupervised out-of-distribution (OOD) Detection aims to separate the samples falling outside the distribution of training data without label information. Among numerous branches, contrastive learning has shown its excellent capability of…
We introduce an online outlier detection algorithm to detect outliers in a sequentially observed data stream. For this purpose, we use a two-stage filtering and hedging approach. In the first stage, we construct a multi-modal probability…
Classification is the basis of cognition. Unlike other solutions, this study approaches it from the view of outliers. We present an expanding algorithm to detect outliers in univariate datasets, together with the underlying foundation. The…
The community structure of complex networks reveals both their organization and hidden relationships among their constituents. Most community detection methods currently available are not deterministic, and their results typically depend on…
For a long time, research on time series anomaly detection has mainly focused on finding outliers within a given time series. Admittedly, this is consistent with some practical problems, but in other practical application scenarios, people…
In real world, our datasets often contain outliers. Moreover, the outliers can seriously affect the final machine learning result. Most existing algorithms for handling outliers take high time complexities (e.g. quadratic or cubic…
A nonparametric anomalous hypothesis testing problem is investigated, in which there are totally n sequences with s anomalous sequences to be detected. Each typical sequence contains m independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.)…
A computational theory for clustering and a semi-supervised clustering algorithm is presented. Clustering is defined to be the obtainment of groupings of data such that each group contains no anomalies with respect to a chosen grouping…
The presence of outliers is prevalent in machine learning applications and may produce misleading results. In this paper a new method for dealing with outliers and anomal samples is proposed. To overcome the outlier issue, the proposed…
In many machine learning tasks, a common approach for dealing with large-scale data is to build a small summary, {\em e.g.,} coreset, that can efficiently represent the original input. However, real-world datasets usually contain outliers…
We consider the two related problems of detecting if an example is misclassified or out-of-distribution. We present a simple baseline that utilizes probabilities from softmax distributions. Correctly classified examples tend to have greater…
Distribution testing can be described as follows: $q$ samples are being drawn from some unknown distribution $P$ over a known domain $[n]$. After the sampling process, a decision must be made about whether $P$ holds some property, or is far…