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Estimation of density derivatives is a versatile tool in statistical data analysis. A naive approach is to first estimate the density and then compute its derivative. However, such a two-step approach does not work well because a good…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-07-01 Hiroaki Sasaki , Yung-Kyun Noh , Masashi Sugiyama

We study the problem of parameter estimation for a univariate discretely observed ergodic diffusion process given as a solution to a stochastic differential equation. The estimation procedure we propose consists of two steps. In the first…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-17 Shota Gugushvili , Peter Spreij

While spherical data arises in many contexts, including in directional statistics, the current tools for density estimation and population comparison on spheres are quite limited. Popular approaches for comparing populations (on Euclidean…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-05-15 Zhengwu Zhang , Eric Klassen , Anuj Srivastava

Accurate estimation of wildlife density is vital for effective ecological monitoring, conservation, and management. Line transect sampling, a central technique in distance sampling, relies on selecting an appropriate detection function to…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-16 Midhat M. Edous , Omar M. Eidous

Among the variety of statistical intervals, highest-density regions (HDRs) stand out for their ability to effectively summarize a distribution or sample, unveiling its distinctive and salient features. An HDR represents the minimum size set…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-20 Nina Deliu , Brunero Liseo

Functional data that are nonnegative and have a constrained integral can be considered as samples of one-dimensional density functions. Such data are ubiquitous. Due to the inherent constraints, densities do not live in a vector space and,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-01-13 Alexander Petersen , Hans-Georg Müller

We develop a method for the evaluation of extreme event statistics associated with nonlinear dynamical systems, using a small number of samples. From an initial dataset of design points, we formulate a sequential strategy that provides the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Mustafa A. Mohamad , Themistoklis P. Sapsis

We propose a novel two-stage framework for sensor depth enhancement, called Perfecting Depth. This framework leverages the stochastic nature of diffusion models to automatically detect unreliable depth regions while preserving geometric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Jinyoung Jun , Lei Chu , Jiahao Li , Yan Lu , Chang-Su Kim

The probability density function (PDF) plays a central role in statistical and machine learning modeling. Real-world data often deviates from Gaussian assumptions, exhibiting skewness and exponential decay. To evaluate how well different…

Computation · Statistics 2025-12-05 Shantanu Sarkar , Mousumi Sinha , Dexter Cahoy

Density regression provides a flexible strategy for modeling the distribution of a response variable $Y$ given predictors $\mathbf{X}=(X_1,\ldots,X_p)$ by letting that the conditional density of $Y$ given $\mathbf{X}$ as a completely…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-01-07 Weining Shen , Subhashis Ghosal

In this paper a deterministic preprocessing algorithm is presented, whose output can be given as input to most state-of-the-art epipolar geometry estimation algorithms, improving their results considerably. They are now able to succeed on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-01-28 Maria Kushnir , Ilan Shimshoni

We investigate the problem of estimating a smooth invertible transformation f when observing independent samples X_1, ..., X_n ~ P \circ f, where P is a known measure. We focus on the two dimensional case where P and f are defined on R^2.…

Methodology · Statistics 2008-07-16 Ethan Anderes , Marc Coram

The histogram method is a powerful non-parametric approach for estimating the probability density function of a continuous variable. But the construction of a histogram, compared to the parametric approaches, demands a large number of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-12-29 Hideaki Kim , Hiroshi Sawada

The question of how best to estimate a continuous probability density from finite data is an intriguing open problem at the interface of statistics and physics. Previous work has argued that this problem can be addressed in a natural way…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2014-07-16 Justin B. Kinney

A key feature of determinantal sampling designs is their capacity to provide known and parametrisable inclusion probabilities at any order. This paper aims to demonstrate how to effectively leverage this characteristic, highlighting its…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-27 Vincent Loons

We present a first principle approach to obtain analytical predictions for spherically-averaged cosmic densities in the mildly non-linear regime that go well beyond what is usually achieved by standard perturbation theory. A large deviation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-25 Cora Uhlemann , Sandrine Codis , Christophe Pichon , Francis Bernardeau , Paulo Reimberg

Data analysis in high-dimensional spaces aims at obtaining a synthetic description of a data set, revealing its main structure and its salient features. We here introduce an approach providing this description in the form of a topography of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-02 Maria d'Errico , Elena Facco , Alessandro Laio , Alex Rodriguez

One key issue in several astrophysical problems is the evaluation of the density probability function underlying an observational discrete data set. We here review two non-parametric density estimators which recently appeared in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Dario Fadda , Eric Slezak , Albert Bijaoui

The estimation of probability densities based on available data is a central task in many statistical applications. Especially in the case of large ensembles with many samples or high-dimensional sample spaces, computationally efficient…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-05-04 Daniel W. Meyer

We describe a method to computationally estimate the probability density function of a univariate random variable by applying the maximum entropy principle with some local conditions given by Gaussian functions. The estimation errors and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-06-21 Mihail-Ioan Pop