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There has been significant recent progress in observational cosmology. This, in turn, has provided an unprecedented picture of the early universe and its evolution. In this review I will present a (biased) view of how one can use these…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Raul Jimenez

We define an equivalence relation on propositions and a proof system where equivalent propositions have the same proofs. The system obtained this way resembles several known non-deterministic and algebraic lambda-calculi.

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-04-01 Alejandro Díaz-Caro , Gilles Dowek

We develop a general operational framework that formalizes the concept of conditional uncertainty in a measure-independent fashion. Our formalism is built upon a mathematical relation which we call conditional majorization. We define…

In order to derive a large set of Hamiltonian dynamical systems, but with only first order Lagrangian, we resort to the formulation in terms of Lagrange-Souriau 2-form formalism. A wide class of systems derived in different phenomenological…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-20 Luigi Martina

This paper introduces a new family of models of intensional Martin-L\"of type theory. We use constructive ordered algebra in toposes. Identity types in the models are given by a notion of Moore path. By considering a particular gros topos,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Ian Orton , Andrew M. Pitts

Martin's Axiom does not imply that all automorphisms of P(N)/[N]^{<aleph_0} are somewhere trivial.

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Saharon Shelah , Juris Steprāns

Zamolodchikov's recursion relations are used to analyze the existence and approximations to the classical conformal block in the case of four parabolic weights. Strong numerical evidence is found that the saddle point momenta arising in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-04-05 Leszek Hadasz , Zbigniew Jaskolski , Marcin Piatek

Inferring causal models from observed correlations is a challenging task, crucial to many areas of science. In order to alleviate the computational effort when sifting through possible causal explanations for some given observations, it is…

We present a type theory with some proof-irrelevance built into the conversion rule. We argue that this feature is useful when type theory is used as the logical formalism underlying a theorem prover. We also show a close relation with the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Benjamin Werner

We show a general theorem of existence of temporal foliations in a general causal set, under mild constraints. Then we study automorphisms of infinite causal sets (which satisfy further requirements) and show that they fall under one of two…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-10-02 Ali Bleybel , Abdallah Zaiour

As an example of empirical metamathematics, we present a detailed study of the dependency structure of the 465 theorems in Euclid's Elements, finding empirical signatures of concepts such as the power of a theorem. We apply similar methods…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2021-07-16 Stephen Wolfram

In this paper we give a brief review of semiparametric theory, using as a running example the common problem of estimating an average causal effect. Semiparametric models allow at least part of the data-generating process to be unspecified…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-20 Edward H. Kennedy

This paper extends the notion of Schwinger functions to quantum Yang-Mills theories and proposes the axioms they should satisfy. Two main features of this axiom scheme are that we assume existence of gauge-invariant co-located Schwinger…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-04-22 Min Chul Lee

It is shown how nonlinear versions of quantum mechanics can be refolmulated in terms of a (linear) C*-algebraic theory. Then also their symmetries are described as automorphisms of the correspondong C*-algebra. The requirement of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-12-11 Pavel Bona

We introduce bounded category forcing axioms for well-behaved classes $\Gamma$. These are strong forms of bounded forcing axioms which completely decide the theory of some initial segment of the universe $H_{\lambda_\Gamma^+}$ modulo…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-01-11 David Aspero , Matteo Viale

Quantum mechanics states that a particle emitted at point (x_1,t_1) and detected at point (x_2,t_2) does not travel along a definite path between the two points. This conclusion arises essentially from the analysis of the two-slit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. Galvan

A review is given of some 2-dimensional metrics for which noncommutative versions have been found. They serve partially to illustrate a noncommutative extension of the moving-frame formalism. All of these models suggest that there is an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Buric , J. Madore

$L$-functions can be viewed axiomatically, such as in the formulation due to Selberg, or they can be seen as arising from cuspidal automorphic representations of $\textrm{GL}(n)$, as first described by Langlands. Conjecturally these two…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-11-29 David W. Farmer , Ameya Pitale , Nathan C. Ryan , Ralf Schmidt

Quantum theory's irreducible empirical core is a probability calculus. While it presupposes the events to which (and on the basis of which) it serves to assign probabilities, and therefore cannot account for their occurrence, it has to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-03 Ulrich Mohrhoff

Geometrical formulation of classical mechanics with forces that are not necessarily potential-generated is presented. It is shown that a natural geometrical "playground" for a mechanical system of point particles lacking Lagrangian and/or…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-01-26 Denis Kochan