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In the context of earlier work, we investigate the emergence of a "distance" in the physical world. For this we consider a Cantor ternary like process, but much more general: properties like perfectness and disconnectedness are not invoked,…
We study a family of distance functions on rankings that allow for asymmetric treatments of alternatives and consider the distinct relevance of the top and bottom positions for ordered lists. We provide a full axiomatic characterization of…
We introduce a new approach to modeling uncertainty based on plausibility measures. This approach is easily seen to generalize other approaches to modeling uncertainty, such as probability measures, belief functions, and possibility…
We introduce a distance in the space of fully-supported probability measures on one-dimensional symbolic spaces. We compare this distance to the $\bar{d}$-distance and we prove that in general they are not comparable. Our projective…
The higher-order pi-calculus is an extension of the pi-calculus to allow communication of abstractions of processes rather than names alone. It has been studied intensively by Sangiorgi in his thesis where a characterisation of a contextual…
The object of contextuality analysis is a set of random variables each of which is uniquely labeled by a content and a context. In the measurement terminology, the content is that which the random variable measures, whereas the context…
The recurring context in which objects appear holds valuable information that can be employed to predict their existence. This intuitive observation indeed led many researchers to endow appearance-based detectors with explicit reasoning…
Graded modal types systems and coeffects are becoming a standard formalism to deal with context-dependent computations where code usage plays a central role. The theory of program equivalence for modal and coeffectful languages, however, is…
Recent developments in the categorical foundations of universal algebra have given fresh impetus to an understanding of the lambda calculus coming from categorical logic: an interpretation is a semi-closed algebraic theory. Scott's…
We propose a class of semimetrics for preference relations any one of which is an alternative to the classical Kemeny-Snell-Bogart metric. (We take a fairly general viewpoint about what constitutes a preference relation, allowing for any…
Let random vectors $R^c=\{R_p^c:p\in P_c\}$ represent joint measurements of certain subsets $P_c$ of properties $p\in P$ in different contexts $c\in C$. Such a system is traditionally called noncontextual if there exists a jointly…
We consider the probabilistic applicative bisimilarity (PAB), a coinductive relation comparing the applicative behaviour of probabilistic untyped lambda terms according to a specific operational semantics. This notion has been studied with…
In quantum physics the term `contextual' can be used in more than one way. One usage, here called `Bell contextual' since the idea goes back to Bell, is that if $A$, $B$ and $C$ are three quantum observables, with $A$ compatible (i.e.,…
A central property of a classical geometry is that the geodesic distance between two events is \emph{additive}. When considering quantum fluctuations in the metric or a quantum or statistical superposition of different spacetimes,…
Encodings or the proof of their absence are the main way to compare process calculi. To analyse the quality of encodings and to rule out trivial or meaningless encodings, they are augmented with quality criteria. There exists a bunch of…
We investigate the possibility of a semantic account of the execution time (i.e. the number of beta-steps leading to the normal form, if any) for the shuffling calculus, an extension of Plotkin's call-by-value lambda-calculus. For this…
The \it{Ambient Logic} (AL) has been proposed for expressing properties of process mobility in the calculus of Mobile Ambients (MA), and as a basis for query languages on semistructured data. We study some basic questions concerning the…
We propose a novel foundation for calculus that focuses on the notion of approximations while avoiding the use of limits altogether. Continuity is defined as approximation at a point, while differentiability is defined as approximation with…
Measuring the similarity of short written contexts is a fundamental problem in Natural Language Processing. This article provides a unifying framework by which short context problems can be categorized both by their intended application and…
Language is contextual as meanings of words are dependent on their contexts. Contextuality is, concomitantly, a well-defined concept in quantum mechanics where it is considered a major resource for quantum computations. We investigate…