Related papers: Ensemble of Thermostatically Controlled Loads: Sta…
We study the collective phenomena and constraints associated with the aggregation of individual cooling units from a statistical mechanics perspective. These units are modelled as Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs) and represent zones…
Ensembles of thermostatically controlled loads (TCL) provide a significant demand response reserve for the system operator to balance power grids. However, this also results in the parasitic synchronization of individual devices within the…
Smart buildings are the need of the day with increasing demand-supply ratios and deficiency to generate considerably. In any modern non-industrial infrastructure, these demands mainly comprise of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs),…
A collection of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) -- such as air conditioners and water heaters -- can vary their power consumption within limits to help the balancing authority of a power grid maintain demand supply balance. Doing…
Demand response (DR) programs aim to engage distributed demand-side resources in providing ancillary services for electric power systems. Previously, aggregated thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) have been demonstrated as a…
Aggregations of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs), such as air conditioners, offer valuable flexibility to the power grid. The aggregate power consumption of a TCL fleet can be controlled by adjusting thermostat setpoints. An…
Thermostatically-controlled-loads (TCLs) have been regarded as a good candidate for maintaining the power system reliability by providing operating reserve. The short-term reliability evaluation of power systems, which is essential for…
We pose an engineering challenge of controlling an Ensemble of Energy Devices via coordinated, implementation-light and randomized on/off switching as a problem in Non-Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics. We show that Mean Field Control} with…
Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs) such as air conditioners and water heaters typically maintain their temperature within a preset range using on/off actuation. These types of loads are inherently flexible: many different power…
Recent studies on control of aggregate power of an ensemble of thermostatically-controlled-loads (TCLs) have been concentrated on shifting the temperature set points of each TCL in the population. A sudden shift in the set point, however,…
This work discusses a two-step procedure, based on formal abstractions, to generate a finite-space stochastic dynamical model as an aggregation of the continuous temperature dynamics of a homogeneous population of Thermostatically…
Thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) can provide ancillary services to the power network by aiding existing frequency control mechanisms. TCLs are, however, characterized by an intrinsic limit cycle behavior which raises the risk that…
A significant portion of electricity consumed worldwide is used to power thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) such as air conditioners, refrigerators, and water heaters. Because the short-term timing of operation of such systems is…
As the penetration of intermittent energy sources grows substantially, loads will be required to play an increasingly important role in compensating the fast time-scale fluctuations in generated power. Recent numerical modeling of…
Electricity peaks can be harmful to grid stability and result in additional generation costs to balance supply with demand. By developing a network of smart appliances together with a quasi-decentralized control protocol, direct load…
We study an ensemble of diverse (inhomogeneous) thermostatically controlled loads aggregated to provide the demand response (DR) services in a district-level energy system. Each load in the ensemble is assumed to be equipped with a random…
The flexible power consumption feature of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) such as heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems makes them attractive targets for demand response (DR). TCLs possess a brief period where…
Recently it has been shown that an aggregation of Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs) can be utilized to provide fast regulating reserve service for power grids and the behavior of the aggregation can be captured by a stochastic…
Thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) have the potential to be a valuable resource for the Balancing Authority (BA) of the future. Examples of TCLs include household appliances such as air conditioners, water heaters, and refrigerators.…
To study the impacts of price responsive demand on the electric power system requires better load models. This paper discusses the modeling of uncertainties in aggregated thermostatically controlled loads using a state queueing (SQ) model.…