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Compressing integer keys is a fundamental operation among multiple communities, such as database management (DB), information retrieval (IR), and high-performance computing (HPC). Recent advances in \emph{learned indexes} have inspired the…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Qiyu Liu , Siyuan Han , Jianwei Liao , Jin Li , Jingshu Peng , Jun Du , Lei Chen

We introduce a new family of compressed data structures to efficiently store and query large string dictionaries in main memory. Our main technique is a combination of hierarchical Front-coding with ideas from longest-common-prefix…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Nieves R. Brisaboa , Ana Cerdeira-Pena , Guillermo de Bernardo , Gonzalo Navarro

In many important applications -- such as search engines and relational database systems -- data is stored in the form of arrays of integers. Encoding and, most importantly, decoding of these arrays consumes considerable CPU time.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Daniel Lemire , Leonid Boytsov

A major consideration in multilingual language modeling is how to best represent languages with diverse vocabularies and scripts. Although contemporary text encoding methods cover most of the world's writing systems, they exhibit bias…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Tomasz Limisiewicz , Terra Blevins , Hila Gonen , Orevaoghene Ahia , Luke Zettlemoyer

While learning based compression techniques for images have outperformed traditional methods, they have not been widely adopted in machine learning pipelines. This is largely due to lack of standardization and lack of retention of salient…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-01 Kartik Gupta , Kimberley Faria , Vikas Mehta

We present one-shot compression protocols that optimally encode ensembles of $N$ identically prepared mixed states into $O(\log N)$ qubits. In contrast to the case of pure-state ensembles, we find that the number of encoding qubits drops…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-02 Yuxiang Yang , Giulio Chiribella , Daniel Ebler

Large-alphabet strings are common in scenarios such as information retrieval and natural-language processing. The efficient storage and processing of such strings usually introduces several challenges that are not witnessed in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Diego Arroyuelo , Gabriel Carmona , Héctor Larrañaga , Francisco Riveros , Carlos Eugenio Rojas-Morales , Erick Sepúlveda

Today's scientific high performance computing (HPC) applications or advanced instruments are producing vast volumes of data across a wide range of domains, which introduces a serious burden on data transfer and storage. Error-bounded lossy…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Xiaodong Yu , Sheng Di , Kai Zhao , jiannan Tian , Dingwen Tao , Xin Liang , Franck Cappello

This article offers an empirical study on the different ways of encoding Chinese, Japanese, Korean (CJK) and English languages for text classification. Different encoding levels are studied, including UTF-8 bytes, characters, words,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-18 Xiang Zhang , Yann LeCun

Data is compressed by reducing its redundancy, but this also makes the data less reliable, more prone to errors. In this paper a novel approach of image compression based on a new method that has been created for image compression which is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2012-11-21 Firas A. Jassim , Hind E. Qassim

UTF-16 is a widely used Unicode encoding representing characters with one or two 16-bit code units. The format relies on surrogate pairs to encode characters beyond the Basic Multilingual Plane, requiring a high surrogate followed by a low…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Robert Clausecker , Daniel Lemire

Despite it being the cornerstone of BPE, the most common tokenization algorithm, the importance of compression in the tokenization process is still unclear. In this paper, we argue for the theoretical importance of compression, that can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Omer Goldman , Avi Caciularu , Matan Eyal , Kris Cao , Idan Szpektor , Reut Tsarfaty

In this paper, a new compression scheme for text is presented. The same is efficient in giving high compression ratios and enables super fast searching within the compressed text. Typical compression ratios of 70-80% and reducing the search…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2007-07-16 Udayan Khurana , Anirudh Koul

Word-embeddings are vital components of Natural Language Processing (NLP) models and have been extensively explored. However, they consume a lot of memory which poses a challenge for edge deployment. Embedding matrices, typically, contain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Vasileios Lioutas , Ahmad Rashid , Krtin Kumar , Md Akmal Haidar , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh

We present a framework facilitating the implementation and comparison of text compression algorithms. We evaluate its features by a case study on two novel compression algorithms based on the Lempel-Ziv compression schemes that perform well…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Patrick Dinklage , Johannes Fischer , Dominik Köppl , Marvin Löbel , Kunihiko Sadakane

Random Number Generators play a critical role in a number of important applications. In practice, statistical testing is employed to gather evidence that a generator indeed produces numbers that appear to be random. In this paper, we…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-03-25 Weiling Chang , Binxing Fang , Xiaochun Yun , Shupeng Wang , Xiangzhan Yu

Traditional image compression methods aim to reconstruct images for human perception, prioritizing visual fidelity over task relevance. In contrast, Coding for Machines focuses on preserving information essential for automated…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-16 Stefano Della Fiore , Alessandro Gnutti , Marco Dalai , Pierangelo Migliorati , Riccardo Leonardi

This article shows that any type of binary data can be defined as a collection from codewords of variable length. This feature helps us to define an Injective and surjective function from the suggested codewords to the required codewords.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Parviz Gharehbagheri , Sayeed Hamid Haji Sayeed Javadi , Parvaneh Asghari , Naser Gharehbagheri

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is one of the most popular decomposition techniques for multivariate data. NMF is a core method for many machine-learning related computational problems, such as data compression, feature extraction,…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2017-12-07 Gabriele Torre , Michael Graber

In this paper we compare the difference in performance of two of the Prediction by Partial Matching (PPM) family of compressors (PPM$^*$ and the original Bounded PPM algorithm) and the Lempel-Ziv 78 (LZ) algorithm. We construct an infinite…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Liam Jordon , Philippe Moser