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Safety-critical applications require controllers/policies that can guarantee safety with high confidence. The control barrier function is a useful tool to guarantee safety if we have access to the ground-truth system dynamics. In practice,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Athindran Ramesh Kumar , Sulin Liu , Jaime F. Fisac , Ryan P. Adams , Peter J. Ramadge

The safety of automated driving systems must be justified by convincing arguments and supported by compelling evidence to persuade certification agencies, regulatory entities, and the general public to allow the systems on public roads.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Jonas Krook , Yuvaraj Selvaraj , Wolfgang Ahrendt , Martin Fabian

For a given computational problem, a certificate is a piece of data that one (the prover) attaches to the output with the aim of allowing efficient verification (by the verifier) that this output is correct. Here, we consider the minimal…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2018-05-21 Pascal Giorgi , Vincent Neiger

As frontier artificial intelligence (AI) systems become more capable, it becomes more important that developers can explain why their systems are sufficiently safe. One way to do so is via safety cases: reports that make a structured…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Marie Davidsen Buhl , Gaurav Sett , Leonie Koessler , Jonas Schuett , Markus Anderljung

Neural Lyapunov and barrier certificates have recently been used as powerful tools for verifying the safety and stability properties of deep reinforcement learning (RL) controllers. However, existing methods offer guarantees only under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Chengxiao Wang , Haoze Wu , Gagandeep Singh

While learning-based control techniques often outperform classical controller designs, safety requirements limit the acceptance of such methods in many applications. Recent developments address this issue through so-called predictive safety…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-16 Kim P. Wabersich , Melanie N. Zeilinger

This paper studies finite-time safety and reach-avoid verification for stochastic discrete-time dynamical systems. The aim is to ascertain lower and upper bounds of the probability that, within a predefined finite-time horizon, a system…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-22 Bai Xue

Bounded proofs are convenient to use due to the high degree of automation that exhaustive checking affords. However, they fall short of providing the robust assurances offered by unbounded proofs. We sketch how completeness thresholds serve…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Tobias Reinhard , Justus Fasse , Bart Jacobs

The prolific rise in autonomous systems has led to questions regarding their safe instantiation in real-world scenarios. Failures in safety-critical contexts such as human-robot interactions or even autonomous driving can ultimately lead to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-10 Prithvi Akella , Mohamadreza Ahmadi , Richard M. Murray , Aaron D. Ames

Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) have emerged as a powerful tool in the design of safety-critical controllers for nonlinear systems. In modern applications, complex systems often involve the feedback interconnection of subsystems evolving…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Stefano Di Gregorio , Guido Carnevale , Giuseppe Notarstefano

Reactive and safe agent modelings are important for nowadays traffic simulator designs and safe planning applications. In this work, we proposed a reactive agent model which can ensure safety without comprising the original purposes, by…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Yue Meng , Zengyi Qin , Chuchu Fan

We introduce a functional inductive framework to verify discrete-time dynamical systems against hyperproperties specified as Hyperlinear temporal logic formulae via a notion of HyperCertificates. Unlike linear temporal logic (LTL) formulae…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-04 Vishnu Murali , Amin Falah , Ashutosh Trivedi , Majid Zamani

This paper takes a step towards addressing the difficulty of constructing Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) for parallel safety boundaries. A single CBF for both boundaries has been reported to be difficult to validate for safety, and we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Kwang Hak Kim , Mamadou Diagne , Miroslav Krstić

We study a proof methodology for verifying the safety of data invariants of highly-available distributed applications that replicate state. The proof is (1) modular: one can reason about each individual operation separately, and (2)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-08 Sreeja Nair , Gustavo Petri , Marc Shapiro

Infinite networks are complex interconnected systems comprising a countably infinite number of subsystems, for which no fixed upper bound on the number of participating subsystems is specified a priori since it may vary over time as agents…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Mahdieh Zaker , Amy Nejati , Abolfazl Lavaei

Safety-critical control is a crucial aspect of modern systems, and Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) have gained popularity as the framework of choice for ensuring safety. However, implementing a CBF requires exact knowledge of the true…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Rahal Nanayakkara , Aaron D. Ames , Paulo Tabuada

We study the safety verification problem for discrete-time stochastic systems. We propose an approach for safety verification termed set-erosion strategy that verifies the safety of a stochastic system on a safe set through the safety of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-04 Zishun Liu , Saber Jafarpour , Yongxin Chen

This paper offers a direct data-driven approach for learning robust control barrier certificates (R-CBCs) and robust safety controllers (R-SCs) for discrete-time input-affine polynomial systems with unknown dynamics under…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Omid Akbarzadeh , MohammadHossein Ashoori , Abolfazl Lavaei

Certifying the robustness of a graph-based machine learning model poses a critical challenge for safety. Current robustness certificates for graph classifiers guarantee output invariance with respect to the total number of node pair flips…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Pierre Osselin , Henry Kenlay , Xiaowen Dong

Safety in terms of collision avoidance for multi-robot systems is a difficult challenge under uncertainty, non-determinism and lack of complete information. This paper aims to propose a collision avoidance method that accounts for both…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Wenhao Luo , Wen Sun , Ashish Kapoor