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Many accreting black holes manifest time lags during outbursts, in which the hard Fourier component typically lags behind the soft component. Despite decades of observations of this phenomenon, the underlying physical explanation for the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-04-27 John J. Kroon , Peter A. Becker

We investigate the use of relativistically blurred photoionized disc models on an XMM-Newton observation of the Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxy PG 1404+226. The model is designed to reproduce the radiation from the inner accretion disc around…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-17 J. Crummy , A. C. Fabian , W. N. Brandt , Th. Boller

Multiple reflection of X-rays may be important when an accretion disc and its hot corona have a complicated geometry, or if returning radiation due to gravitational light bending is important, or in emission from a funnel such as proposed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-17 R. R. Ross , A. C. Fabian , D. R. Ballantyne

Reflection of X-rays from cool material around a black hole is one of the few observational diagnostics of the accretion flow geometry. Models of this reflected spectrum generally assume that the accretion disk can be characterized by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 C. Done , S. Nayakshin

We have simultaneously fit Chandra and RXTE spectra of the Galactic black hole XTE J1118+480 with three models for X-ray reflection. We explored a range of accretion disc ionizations (log(xi)=1-4; xi=L_X/nR^{2}) and iron abundances…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-17 J. M. Miller , D. R. Ballantyne , A. C. Fabian , W. H. G. Lewin

The peaks of the spectra of the accretion disks surrounding massive black holes in quasars are in the far-UV or soft X-ray band, which are usually not observed. However, in the disk corona model, the soft photons from the disk are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-04-27 Bei You , Xinwu Cao , Ye-Fei Yuan

Context: Extensive, multi-wavelength monitoring campaigns of nearby and higher redshift active galactic nuclei (AGN) have shown that the UV/optical variations are well correlated with time delays which increase with increasing wavelength.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-11-15 D. A. Langis , I. E. Papadakis , E. Kammoun , C. Panagiotou , M. Dovčiak

We discuss the application of simple relativistically-blurred X-ray reflection models to the determination of the spin and the inner radius of the disc in accreting black holes. Observationally, the nature of the corona is uncertain a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-03-05 A. C. Fabian , M. L. Parker , D. R. Wilkins , J. M. Miller , E. Kara , C. S. Reynolds , T. Dauser

Accreting black holes commonly exhibit hard X-ray emission, originating from a region of hot plasma near the central engine referred to as the corona. The origin and geometry of the corona are poorly understood, and models invoking either…

The recent detection of X-ray reverberation lags, especially in the Fe K\alpha\ line region, around Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) has opened up the possibility of studying the time-resolved response (reflection) of hard X-rays from the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 E. M. Cackett , A. Zoghbi , C. Reynolds , A. C. Fabian , E. Kara , P. Uttley , D. R. Wilkins

Data derived from general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of accretion onto black holes can be used as input to a postprocessing scheme that predicts the radiated spectrum. Combining a relativistic Compton scattering radiation…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-03 Rongrong Liu , Chris Nagele , Julian H Krolik , Brooks E Kinch , Jeremy Schnittman

X-rays are emitted from the corona above the orbiting matter of the accretion disk and travel either directly to us or illuminate the disk. This illumination of the inner disk is enhanced by gravitational light bending, which focuses the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-27 William Surgent , Daniel R. Wilkins

The X-ray emission from accreting black hole (BH) systems displays strong variability. Short reverberation lags are expected between the primary hard X-ray continuum and the reprocessed disc emission. These lags depend on light-travel…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-15 B. De Marco , G. Ponti

X-ray reflection spectroscopy is a powerful tool for probing the strong gravity region of black holes and can be used for testing general relativity in the strong field regime. Simplifications of the available relativistic reflection models…

We compute rest-frame reflection spectra and the corresponding energy-dependent linear polarization degree and angle for (un)polarized single-temperature blackbody spectra impinging on a partially ionized constant-density optically thick…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-27 J. Podgorný , M. Dovčiak , R. Goosmann , F. Marin , L. Marra , G. Matt , A. Różańska , R. Taverna

It has long been speculated that the nature of the hard X-ray corona may be an important second driver of black hole state transitions, in addition to the mass accretion rate through the disk. However, a clear physical picture of coronal…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 R. C. Reis , J. M. Miller , M. T. Reynolds , A. C. Fabian , D. J. Walton , E. Cackett , J. F. Steiner

The geometry of the accretion flow around stellar-mass black holes can change on timescales of days to months. When a black hole emerges from quiescence (that is, it "turns on" after accreting material from its companion) it has a very hard…

Fast variability of the X-ray corona in black hole binaries can produce a soft lag by reverberation, where the reprocessed thermalized disc photons lag behind the illuminating hard X-rays. This lag is small, and systematically decreases…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-16 Tenyo Kawamura , Chris Done , Tadayuki Takahashi

We discuss black hole spin measurements employing the relativistic iron line profiles in the X-ray domain. We investigate the iron line band for two representative sources -- MCG -6-30-15 (active galaxy) and GX 339-4 (X-ray binary). We…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2010-08-02 Jiri Svoboda

Current models of the spectrum of X-rays reflected from accretion disks around black holes and other compact objects are commonly calculated assuming that the density of the disk atmosphere is constant within several Thomson depths from the…

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