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Belief propagation (BP) is a classical algorithm that approximates the marginal distribution associated with a factor graph by passing messages between adjacent nodes in the graph. It gained popularity in the 1990's as a powerful decoding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-12 S. Brandsen , Avijit Mandal , Henry D. Pfister

We discuss and analyze a list-message-passing decoder with verification for low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes on the q-ary symmetric channel (q-SC). Rather than passing messages consisting of symbol probabilities, this decoder passes…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Fan Zhang , Henry D. Pfister

Binary message-passing decoders for low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are studied by using extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) charts. The channel delivers hard or soft decisions and the variable node decoder performs all computations…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Gottfried Lechner , Troels Pedersen , Gerhard Kramer

We investigate random spatially coupled low-density parity-check (SC-LDPC) code ensembles over finite fields. Under different variable-node edge-spreading rules, the random Tanner graphs of several coupled ensembles are defined by multiple…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Jiaxin Lyu , Guanghui He

We consider communication over the binary erasure channel (BEC) using low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and belief propagation (BP) decoding. For fixed numbers of BP iterations, the bit error probability approaches a limit as…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Ryuhei Mori , Toshiyuki Tanaka , Kenta Kasai , Kohichi Sakaniwa

Spatially-coupled (SC) codes, known for their threshold saturation phenomenon and low-latency windowed decoding algorithms, are ideal for streaming applications. They also find application in various data storage systems because of their…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Siyi Yang , Ahmed Hareedy , Shyam Venkatasubramanian , Robert Calderbank , Lara Dolecek

We analyze the performance of quantized min-sum decoding of low-density parity-check codes under unreliable message storage. To this end, we introduce a simple bit-level error model and show that decoder symmetry is preserved under this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-08 Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Andreas Burg

The decoding of Low-Density Parity-Check codes by the Belief Propagation (BP) algorithm is revisited. We check the iterative algorithm for its convergence to a codeword (termination), we run Monte Carlo simulations to find the probability…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 M. G. Stepanov , M. Chertkov

A concatenated coding scheme over binary memoryless symmetric (BMS) channels using a polarization transformation followed by outer sub-codes is analyzed. Achievable error exponents and upper bounds on the error rate are derived. The first…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-24 Dina Goldin , David Burshtein

Density evolution (DE) is one of the most powerful analytical tools for low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes on memoryless binary-input/symmetric-output channels. The case of non-symmetric channels is tackled either by the LDPC coset code…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Chih-Chun Wang , H. Vincent Poor , Sanjeev R. Kulkarni

A new coded modulation scheme is proposed. At the transmitter, the concatenation of a distribution matcher and a systematic binary encoder performs probabilistic signal shaping and channel coding. At the receiver, the output of a bitwise…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-04-23 Georg Böcherer , Patrick Schulte , Fabian Steiner

Fault tolerance in quantum protocols requires contributions from error-correcting codes and their suitable decoders. Quantum Low-Density Parity Check (QLDPC) codes are one of the most explored quantum codes that have good coding rate and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Mainak Bhattacharyya , Ankur Raina

The past decade has seen notable advances in our understanding of structured error-correcting codes, particularly binary Reed--Muller (RM) codes. While initial breakthroughs were for erasure channels based on symmetry, extending these…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Henry D. Pfister , Galen Reeves

For discrete memoryless multiple-access channels, we propose a general definition of variable length codes with a measure of the transmission rates at the receiver side. This gives a receiver perspective on the multiple-access channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-02-28 Stephane Musy

This paper investigates the design of spatially coupled low-density parity-check (SC-LDPC) codes constructed from connected-chain ensembles for bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) schemes. For short coupling lengths, connecting multiple…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Yihuan Liao , Min Qiu , Jinhong Yuan

In this paper, we present new achievability bounds on the maximal achievable rate of variable-length stop-feedback (VLSF) codes operating over a binary erasure channel (BEC) at a fixed message size $M = 2^k$. We provide new bounds for VLSF…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Hengjie Yang , Richard D. Wesel

A new approach for combining non-binary low-density parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes with higher-order modulation and probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) is presented. Instead of symbol-metric decoding (SMD), a bit-metric decoder (BMD) is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Fabian Steiner , Georg Böcherer , Gianluigi Liva

We investigate the use of Gallager's low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes in a broadcast channel, one of the fundamental models in network information theory. Combining linear codes is a standard technique in practical network…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Kazutaka Nakamura , Robert Morelos-Zaragoza , David Saad , Yoshiyuki Kabashima

Many satellite communication systems operating today employ low cost upconverters or downconverters which create phase noise. This noise can severely limit the information rate of the system and pose a serious challenge for the detection…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-19 Shachar Shayovitz , Dan Raphaeli

We introduce a prototype FPGA decoder implementing the recently discovered Relay-BP algorithm and targeting memory experiments on the $[[144,12,12]]$ bivariate bicycle quantum low-density parity check code. The decoder is both fast and…