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Jupiter's Great Red Spot (GRS) was mapped by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/Mid-Infrared Instrument (4.9-27.9 micron) in July and August 2022. These observations took place alongside a suite of visual and infrared observations from;…

On 2015 February 21, simultaneous observations of Jupiter's decametric radio emission between 10 and 33 MHz were carried out using three powerful low-frequency radio telescopes: Long Wavelength Array Station One (LWA1) in USA; Nan\c{c}ay…

Jupiter's weather layer exhibits long-term and quasi-periodic cycles of meteorological activity that can completely change the appearance of its belts and zones. There are cycles with intervals from 4 to 9 years, dependent on the latitude,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-23 Kumiko Hori , Chris A. Jones , Arrate Antuñano , Leigh N. Fletcher , Steven M. Tobias

Jupiter's gravity field observed by NASA's Juno spacecraft indicates that the density in the 10--100 GPa region is lower than one would expect from a H/He adiabat with 0.5-5x solar water abundance as has been observationally inferred in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-02 Nadine Nettelmann , Jonathan J. Fortney

We present a comprehensive analysis of the Hubble Space Telescope observations of the atmosphere of WASP-121 b, a ultra-hot Jupiter. After reducing the transit, eclipse, and phase-curve observations with a uniform methodology and addressing…

Hot Jupiters receive intense incident stellar light on their daysides, which drives vigorous atmospheric circulation that attempts to erase their large dayside-to-nightside flux contrasts. Propagating waves and instabilities in hot Jupiter…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-01 Thaddeus D. Komacek , Adam P. Showman

We present results from an atmospheric circulation study of nine hot Jupiters that comprise a large transmission spectral survey using the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes. These observations exhibit a range of spectral behavior over…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-20 Tiffany Kataria , David K. Sing , Nikole K. Lewis , Channon Visscher , Adam P. Showman , Jonathan J. Fortney , Mark S. Marley

The observed zonal winds at Jupiter's cloud tops have been shown to be closely linked to the asymmetric part of the planet's measured gravity field. However, other measurements suggest that in some latitudinal regions the flow below the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-22 E. Galanti , Y. Kaspi , K. Duer , L. Fletcher , A. P. Ingersoll , C. Li , G. S. Orton , T. Guillot , S. M. Levin , S. J. Bolton

We present thermal phase curve measurements for the hot Jupiter WASP-103b observed with Hubble/WFC3 and Spitzer/IRAC. The phase curves have large amplitudes and negligible hotspot offsets, indicative of poor heat redistribution to the…

Jupiters south polar region was observed by JWST Mid Infrared Instrument in December 2022. We used the Medium Resolution Spectrometer mode to provide new information about Jupiters South Polar stratosphere. The southern auroral region was…

The asymmetric gravity field measured by the Juno spacecraft allowed estimation of the depth of Jupiter's zonal jets, showing that the winds extend approximately $3000$ km beneath the cloud-level. This estimate was based on an analysis…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-02 Keren Duer , Eli Galanti , Yohai Kaspi

Using images at multiple mid-infrared wavelengths, acquired in May 2018 using the VISIR instrument on ESO's Very Large Telescope (VLT), we study Jupiter's pole-to-pole thermal, chemical and aerosol structure in the troposphere and…

Jupiter's tropospheric composition and cloud structure are studied using Cassini VIMS 4.5-5.1 {\mu}m thermal emission spectra from the 2000-2001 flyby. We make use of both nadir and limb darkening observations on the planet's nightside, and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-11 Rohini S. Giles , Leigh N. Fletcher , Patrick G. J. Irwin

We present three-dimensional atmospheric circulation models of a hypothetical "warm Jupiter" planet, for a range of possible obliquities from 0-90 degrees. We model a Jupiter-mass planet on a 10-day orbit around a Sun-like star, since this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-13 Emily Rauscher

Jupiter's atmosphere-interior is a coupled fluid dynamical system strongly influenced by the rapid background rotation. While the visible atmosphere features east-west zonal winds on the order of 100 m/s (Tollefson et al. 2017), zonal flows…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-11 Hao Cao , Jeremy Bloxham , Ryan S. Park , Burkhard Militzer , Rakesh K. Yadav , Laura Kulowski , David J. Stevenson , Scott J. Bolton

Physical conditions in the atmospheres of tidally-locked, slowly-rotating hot Jupiters correspond to dynamical circulation regimes with Rhines scales and Rossby deformation radii comparable to the planetary radii. Consequently, the large…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Emily Rauscher , Kristen Menou , James Y-K. Cho , Sara Seager , Brad Hansen

We report on results of an observing campaign to support the Juno mission. At the beginning of 2016, using TEXES (Texas Echelon cross-dispersed Echelle Spectrograph), mounted on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF), we obtained data…

Observations of Jupiter's deep atmosphere by the Juno spacecraft have revealed several puzzling facts: The concentration of ammonia is variable down to pressures of tens of bars, and is strongly dependent on latitude. While most latitudes…

The high-precision Juno gravitational measurements allow us to infer the structure of Jupiter's deep atmospheric zonal flow. Since this inference is nonunique, it is important to explore the space of possible solutions. In this paper, we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-03 Laura Kulowski , Hao Cao , Rakesh K. Yadav , Jeremy Bloxham

The thermal structure of planetary atmospheres is an essential input for predicting and retrieving the distribution of gases and aerosols, as well as the bulk chemical abundances. In the case of Jupiter, the temperature at a reference level…