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Recently recurrent neural networks (RNN) has been very successful in handling sequence data. However, understanding RNN and finding the best practices for RNN is a difficult task, partly because there are many competing and complex hidden…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-04-01 Guo-Bing Zhou , Jianxin Wu , Chen-Lin Zhang , Zhi-Hua Zhou

The paper evaluates three variants of the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) in recurrent neural networks (RNN) by reducing parameters in the update and reset gates. We evaluate the three variant GRU models on MNIST and IMDB datasets and show that…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-01-24 Rahul Dey , Fathi M. Salem

The increasing demand for continual learning in sequential data processing has led to progressively complex training methodologies and larger recurrent network architectures. Consequently, this has widened the knowledge gap between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Abdullah M. Zyarah , Dhireesha Kudithipudi

In this paper we compare different types of recurrent units in recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Especially, we focus on more sophisticated units that implement a gating mechanism, such as a long short-term memory (LSTM) unit and a recently…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-12-12 Junyoung Chung , Caglar Gulcehre , KyungHyun Cho , Yoshua Bengio

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have been a long-standing candidate for processing of temporal sequence data, especially in memory-constrained systems that one may find in embedded edge computing environments. Recent advances in training…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Sebastian Billaudelle , Laura Kriener , Filippo Moro , Tristan Torchet , Melika Payvand

Speech recognition is largely taking advantage of deep learning, showing that substantial benefits can be obtained by modern Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs). The most popular RNNs are Long Short-Term Memory (LSTMs), which typically reach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Mirco Ravanelli , Philemon Brakel , Maurizio Omologo , Yoshua Bengio

A field that has directly benefited from the recent advances in deep learning is Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). Despite the great achievements of the past decades, however, a natural and robust human-machine speech interaction still…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-03-29 Mirco Ravanelli , Philemon Brakel , Maurizio Omologo , Yoshua Bengio

In this work, we address the need for efficient and formally stable Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) in environments with limited computational resources by analyzing the stability of the Minimal Gated Unit (MGU) network, a lightweight…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Stefano De Carli , Davide Previtali , Mirko Mazzoleni , Fabio Previdi

This paper introduces two recurrent neural network structures called Simple Gated Unit (SGU) and Deep Simple Gated Unit (DSGU), which are general structures for learning long term dependencies. Compared to traditional Long Short-Term Memory…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-05-16 Yuan Gao , Dorota Glowacka

Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) has been successfully applied in many sequence learning problems. Such as handwriting recognition, image description, natural language processing and video motion analysis. After years of development,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-01 Guoqiang Zhong , Guohua Yue , Xiao Ling

The use of future contextual information is typically shown to be helpful for acoustic modeling. However, for the recurrent neural network (RNN), it's not so easy to model the future temporal context effectively, meanwhile keep lower model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-21 Jie Li , Xiaorui Wang , Yuanyuan Zhao , Yan Li

Abnormality detection is a challenging task due to the dependence on a specific context and the unconstrained variability of practical scenarios. In recent years, it has benefited from the powerful features learnt by deep neural networks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Habtamu Fanta , Zhiwen Shao , Lizhuang Ma

Recurrent neural network (RNN) has been widely studied in sequence learning tasks, while the mainstream models (e.g., LSTM and GRU) rely on the gating mechanism (in control of how information flows between hidden states). However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Zhanzhan Cheng , Yunlu Xu , Mingjian Cheng , Yu Qiao , Shiliang Pu , Yi Niu , Fei Wu

Gated recurrent units (GRUs) are specialized memory elements for building recurrent neural networks. Despite their incredible success on various tasks, including extracting dynamics underlying neural data, little is understood about the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Ian D. Jordan , Piotr Aleksander Sokol , Il Memming Park

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have shown clear superiority in sequence modeling, particularly the ones with gated units, such as long short-term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent unit (GRU). However, the dynamic properties behind the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Zhiyuan Tang , Ying Shi , Dong Wang , Yang Feng , Shiyue Zhang

Sophisticated gated recurrent neural network architectures like LSTMs and GRUs have been shown to be highly effective in a myriad of applications. We develop an un-gated unit, the statistical recurrent unit (SRU), that is able to learn long…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-02 Junier B. Oliva , Barnabas Poczos , Jeff Schneider

We present a novel recurrent neural network (RNN) based model that combines the remembering ability of unitary RNNs with the ability of gated RNNs to effectively forget redundant/irrelevant information in its memory. We achieve this by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-26 Li Jing , Caglar Gulcehre , John Peurifoy , Yichen Shen , Max Tegmark , Marin Soljačić , Yoshua Bengio

Recurrent neural networks are important tools for sequential data processing. However, they are notorious for problems regarding their training. Challenges include capturing complex relations between consecutive states and stability and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Łukasz Neumann , Łukasz Lepak , Paweł Wawrzyński

There is growing interest in being able to run neural networks on sensors, wearables and internet-of-things (IoT) devices. However, the computational demands of neural networks make them difficult to deploy on resource-constrained edge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-14 Justice Amoh , Kofi Odame

This paper introduces a new Dynamic Gated Recurrent Neural Network (DG-RNN) for compute-efficient speech enhancement models running on resource-constrained hardware platforms. It leverages the slow evolution characteristic of RNN hidden…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-25 Longbiao Cheng , Ashutosh Pandey , Buye Xu , Tobi Delbruck , Shih-Chii Liu
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