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Quantum state preparation (QSP) for a general $n$-qubit state requires $O(2^n)$ CNOT gates and circuit depth, making exact amplitude encoding (EAE) impractical for near-term quantum hardware. We introduce an ancilla-free hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Emad Rezaei Fard Boosari , Maryam Afsary

Quantum circuit simulations are critical for evaluating quantum algorithms and machines. However, the number of state amplitudes required for full simulation increases exponentially with the number of qubits. In this study, we leverage data…

What is the minimum number of extra qubits needed to perform a large fault-tolerant quantum circuit? Working in a common model of fault-tolerance, I show that in the asymptotic limit of large circuits, the ratio of physical qubits to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-23 Daniel Gottesman

We present a protocol to simulate the quantum correlations of an arbitrary bipartite state, when the parties perform a measurement according to two traceless binary observables. We show that $\log(d)$ bits of classical communication is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Julien Degorre , Sophie Laplante , Jérémie Roland

In order to evaluate, validate, and refine the design of new quantum algorithms or quantum computers, researchers and developers need methods to assess their correctness and fidelity. This requires the capabilities of quantum circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-16 Xin-Chuan Wu , Sheng Di , Franck Cappello , Hal Finkel , Yuri Alexeev , Frederic T. Chong

One of the most intriguing facts about communication using quantum states is that these states cannot be used to transmit more classical bits than the number of qubits used, yet there are ways of conveying information with exponentially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ashwin Nayak , Amnon Ta-Shma , David Zuckerman

When the 4-state or the 6-state protocol of quantum cryptography is carried out on a noisy (i.e. realistic) quantum channel, then the raw key has to be processed to reduce the information of an adversary Eve down to an arbitrarily low…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-23 N. Gisin , S. Wolf

We introduce a reliable compressive procedure to uniquely characterize any given low-rank quantum measurement using a minimal set of probe states that is based solely on data collected from the unknown measurement itself. The procedure is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-03 I. Gianani , Y. S. Teo , V. Cimini , H. Jeong , G. Leuchs , M. Barbieri , L. L. Sanchez-Soto

A recently introduced classical simulation method for universal quantum computation with magic states operates by repeated sampling from probability functions [M. Zurel et al. PRL 260404 (2020)]. This method is closely related to sampling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-05 Michael Zurel , Cihan Okay , Robert Raussendorf

Quantum data locking is a quantum communication primitive that allows the use of a short secret key to encrypt a much longer message. It guarantees information-theoretical security against an adversary with limited quantum memory. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-02 Zixin Huang , Pieter Kok , Cosmo Lupo

Long coherence times and fast gate operations are desirable but often conflicting requirements for physical qubits. This conflict can be resolved by resorting to fast qubits for operations, and by storing their state in a `quantum memory'…

We present many ensembles of states that can be remotely prepared by using minimum classical bits from Alice to Bob and their previously shared entangled state and prove that we have found all the ensembles in two-dimensional case.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. -Y. Ye , Y. -S. Zhang , G. -C. Guo

Refrigeration limits are of fundamental and practical importance. We here show that quantum systems can be cooled below existing incoherent cooling bounds by employing coherent virtual qubits, even if the amount of coherence is incompletely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-25 Rodolfo R. Soldati , Durga B. R. Dasari , Jörg Wrachtrup , Eric Lutz

Quantum coherence allows for reduced-memory simulators of classical processes. Using recent results in single-shot quantum thermodynamics, we derive a minimal work cost rate for quantum simulators that is quasistatically attainable in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-15 Samuel P. Loomis , James P. Crutchfield

In this work, we investigate the possibility of compressing a quantum system to one of smaller dimension in a way that preserves the measurement statistics of a given set of observables. In this process, we allow for an arbitrary amount of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-26 Andreas Bluhm , Lukas Rauber , Michael M. Wolf

In this paper, we analyze classical data compression with quantum side information (also known as the classical-quantum Slepian-Wolf protocol) in the so-called large and moderate deviation regimes. In the non-asymptotic setting, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-11 Hao-Chung Cheng , Eric P. Hanson , Nilanjana Datta , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

This document describes a family of quantum circuits which load classical data into a quantum state. When loading $N$ classical bits, the result quantum state is of order $\log_2(N)$ qubits. Furthermore the gate depth of the data loading…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-07 John A. Cortese , Timothy M. Braje

The realization of effective quantum error correction protocols remains a central challenge in the development of scalable quantum computers. Employing high-dimensional quantum systems (qudits) can offer more hardware-efficient protocols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-18 Sumin Lim , Mikhail V. Vaganov , Junjie Liu , Arzhang Ardavan

The quantum relative entropy is known to play a key role in determining the asymptotic convertibility of quantum states in general resource-theoretic settings, often constituting the unique monotone that is relevant in the asymptotic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-04 Bartosz Regula , Ludovico Lami , Mark M. Wilde

Classical-quantum computational complexity separations are an important motivation for the long-term development of digital quantum computers, but classical-quantum complexity equivalences are just as important in our present era of noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-10 Jonathan E. Moussa