Related papers: Structural instability of large-scale functional n…
We study the cascading failure of networks due to overload, using the betweenness centrality of a node as the measure of its load following the Motter and Lai model. We study the fraction of survived nodes at the end of the cascade $p_f$ as…
Networks in nature do not act in isolation but instead exchange information, and depend on each other to function properly. An incipient theory of Networks of Networks have shown that connected random networks may very easily result in…
The collapse of interdependent networks, as well as similar avalanche phenomena, is driven by cascading failures. At the critical point, the cascade begins as a critical branching process, where each failing node (element) triggers, on…
We introduce a general framework for models of cascade and contagion processes on networks, to identify their commonalities and differences. In particular, models of social and financial cascades, as well as the fiber bundle model, the…
Modern urban resilience is threatened by cascading failures in multimodal transport networks, where localized shocks trigger widespread paralysis. Existing models, limited by their focus on pairwise interactions, often underestimate this…
The power of networks manifests itself in a highly non-linear amplification of a number of effects, and their weakness - in propagation of cascading failures. The potential systemic risk effects can be either exacerbated or mitigated,…
Many systems, ranging from engineering to medical to societal, can only be properly characterized by multiple interdependent networks whose normal functioning depends on one another. Failure of a fraction of nodes in one network may lead to…
This paper considers a model for cascades on random networks in which the cascade propagation at any node depends on the load at the failed neighbor, the degree of the neighbor as well as the load at that node. Each node in the network…
In today's global economy, supply chain (SC) entities have become increasingly interconnected with demand and supply relationships due to the need for strategic outsourcing. Such interdependence among firms not only increases efficiency but…
By performing extensive simulations with unprecedentedly large system sizes, we unveil how rigidity influences the fracture of disordered materials. We observe the largest damage in networks with connectivity close to the isostatic point…
Threshold rules of spreading in binary-state networks lead to cascades. We study persistent cascade-recovery dynamics on quasi-robust networks, i.e., networks which are robust against small trigger but may collapse for larger one. It is…
Empirical estimation of critical points at which complex systems abruptly flip from one state to another is among the remaining challenges in network science. However, due to the stochastic nature of critical transitions it is widely…
Complex networks have recently attracted much interest due to their prevalence in nature and our daily lives [1, 2]. A critical property of a network is its resilience to random breakdown and failure [3-6], typically studied as a…
In the real world, the stable operation of a network is usually inseparable from the mutual support of other networks. In such an interdependent network, a node in one layer may depend on multiple nodes in another layer, forming a complex…
It has been found that the networks with scale-free distribution are very resilient to random failures. The purpose of this work is to determine the network design guideline which maximize the network robustness to random failures with the…
In many cases of attacks or failures, memory effects play a significant role. Therefore, we present a model that not only considers the dependencies between nodes but also incorporates the memory effects of attacks. Our research…
Maximizing robustness and minimizing cost are common objectives in the design of infrastructure networks. However, most infrastructure networks evolve and operate in a highly decentralized fashion, which may significantly impact the…
In network systems, a local perturbation can amplify as it propagates, potentially leading to a large-scale cascading failure. Here we derive a continuous model to advance our understanding of cascading failures in power-grid networks. The…
The problem of reliability of a large distributed system is analyzed via a new mathematical model. A typical framework is a system where a set of files are duplicated on several data servers. When one of these servers breaks down, all…
Industry reliability rules increasingly require utilities to study and mitigate cascading failure risk in their system. Motivated by this, this paper describes how cascading failure risk, in terms of expected blackout size, varies with…