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We find all analytic surfaces in space $\mathbb{R}^3$ such that through each point of the surface one can draw two transversal circular arcs fully contained in the surface. The problem of finding such surfaces traces back to the works of…
We study a well-known technique of using absoluteness for giving choice-free proofs to some statements which are known to be provable with the axiom of choice. The idea is to reduce the problem to an inner model where the axiom of choice…
I propose a theory of space with infinitesimal regions called \textit{smooth infinitesimal geometry} (SIG) based on certain algebraic objects (i.e., rings), which regiments a mode of reasoning heuristically used by geometricists and…
The theory of modular forms and spherical harmonic analysis are applied to establish new best bounds towards the counting and equidistribution of rational points on spheres and other higher dimensional ellipsoids, in what may be viewed as a…
The intuitive notion of evidence has both semantic and syntactic features. In this paper, we develop an {\em evidence logic} for epistemic agents faced with possibly contradictory evidence from different sources. The logic is based on a…
Informal logic is a method of argument analysis which is complementary to that of formal logic, providing for the pragmatic treatment of features of argumentation which cannot be reduced to logical form. The central claim of this paper is…
The group structure on the rational points of elliptic curves plays several important roles, in mathematics and recently also in other areas such as cryptography. However, the famous proofs for the group property (in particular, for its…
Mathematical understanding is built in many ways. Among these, illustration has been a companion and tool for research for as long as research has taken place. We use the term illustration to encompass any way one might bring a mathematical…
Introduced in 2006 by Japaridze, cirquent calculus is a refinement of sequent calculus. The advent of cirquent calculus arose from the need for a deductive system with a more explicit ability to reason about resources. Unlike the more…
We show how to compute the circular area invariant of planar curves, and the spherical volume invariant of surfaces, in terms of line and surface integrals, respectively. We use the Divergence Theorem to express the area and volume…
The method of application of areas as presented in Euclid's Elements, is employed to generate the three conics as the loci of points with Cartesian coordinates satisfying quadratic equations with coefficients defined by the initial settings…
We highlight the fact that in undergraduate calculus, the number pi is defined via the length of the circle, the length of the circle is defined as a certain value of an inverse trigonometric function, and this value is defined via pi, thus…
In this paper, we introduce and develop the circle embedding method. This method hinges essentially on a combinatorial-geometric structure which we choose to call circles of partition. We provide applications in the context of problems that…
In the 1770s, Euler wrote a series of papers (E563, E691 and E692) about finding the ellipse with minimal area or perimeter in the family of all ellipses passing through a fixed set of points. This is a translation of all three papers from…
We determine the conditions resulting from equating the area sums of alternative sectors in a circle generated by four, two, and three straight lines, respectively, that connect opposite points on its circumference while passing through a…
Tractable Boolean and arithmetic circuits have been studied extensively in AI for over two decades now. These circuits were initially proposed as "compiled objects," meant to facilitate logical and probabilistic reasoning, as they permit…
We investigate the cyclic proof theory of extensions of Peano Arithmetic by (finitely iterated) inductive definitions. Such theories are essential to proof theoretic analyses of certain `impredicative' theories; moreover, our cyclic systems…
Yet another example where "physical" (i.e. only checking finitely many special cases) gives a fully rigorous proof, notwithstanding what your "Intro To Proofs" prof told you!
Envelopes of parameterized families of plane curves is an important topic, both for the mathematics involved and for its applications. Nowadays, it is generally studied in a technology-rich environment, and automated methods are developed…
We present experimental evidence to support the widely held belief that one half of all elliptic curves have infinitely many rational points. The method used to gather this evidence is a refinement of an algorithm due to the author which is…