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The ability to predict traffic flow over time for crowded areas during rush hours is increasingly important as it can help authorities make informed decisions for congestion mitigation or scheduling of infrastructure development in an area.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Zann Koh , Yan Qin , Yong Liang Guan , Chau Yuen

In modern traffic management, one of the most essential yet challenging tasks is accurately and timely predicting traffic. It has been well investigated and examined that deep learning-based Spatio-temporal models have an edge when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Yunjie Huang , Xiaozhuang Song , Yuanshao Zhu , Shiyao Zhang , James J. Q. Yu

Manual optimization of traffic light cycles is a complex and time-consuming task, necessitating the development of automated solutions. In this paper, we propose the application of reinforcement learning to optimize traffic light cycles in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Seungah Son , Juhee Jin

Traffic flow prediction is a critical component of intelligent transportation systems, yet accurately forecasting traffic remains challenging due to the interaction between long-term trends and short-term fluctuations. Standard deep…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Adway Das , Agnimitra Sengupta , S. Ilgin Guler

Understanding the dynamics of traffic clusters is crucial for enhancing urban transportation systems, particularly in managing congestion and free-flow states. This study applies computational percolation theory to analyze the formation and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-07-30 Yongsung Kwon , Minjin Lee , Mi Jin Lee , Seung-Woo Son

Reinforcement learning (RL) techniques for traffic signal control (TSC) have gained increasing popularity in recent years. However, most existing RL-based TSC methods tend to focus primarily on the RL model structure while neglecting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Liang Zhang , Shubin Xie , Jianming Deng

Heavy-traffic limit theory deals with queues that operate close to criticality and face severe queueing times. Let $W$ denote the steady-state waiting time in the ${\rm GI}/{\rm G}/1$ queue. Kingman (1961) showed that $W$, when…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-06-22 M. A. A. Boon , A. J. E. M. Janssen , J. S. H. van Leeuwaarden

Traffic congestion across the world has reached chronic levels. Despite many technological disruptions, one of the most fundamental and widely used functions within traffic modelling, the volume delay function, has seen little in the way of…

Applications · Statistics 2020-11-05 Gerard Casey , Bingyu Zhao , Krishna Kumar , Kenichi Soga

The turning movement count data is crucial for traffic signal design, intersection geometry planning, traffic flow, and congestion analysis. This work proposes three methods called dynamic, static, and hybrid configuration for TMC-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Mohammad Shokrolah Shirazi , Hung-Fu Chang

Traffic forecasting is a particularly challenging application of spatiotemporal forecasting, due to the time-varying traffic patterns and the complicated spatial dependencies on road networks. To address this challenge, we learn the traffic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-06 Zhiyong Cui , Kristian Henrickson , Ruimin Ke , Ziyuan Pu , Yinhai Wang

We extend Stochastic Flow Models (SFMs), used for a large class of discrete event and hybrid systems, by including the delays which typically arise in flow movement. We apply this framework to the multi-intersection traffic light control…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-11-09 Rui Chen , Christos G. Cassandras

To address the challenge of conflicting traffic flows that complete on opposing cycle times in a specific phase of the traffic light, we proposed a novel decentralized traffic light control methodology based on the identification of the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-06-27 Nimrod Serok , Shlomo Havlin , Efrat Blumenfeld Lieberthal

Traffic signal control (TSC) is a core component of intelligent transportation systems (ITS), aiming to reduce congestion, emissions, and travel time. Recent approaches based on reinforcement learning (RL) and large language models (LLMs)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Qing Guo , Xinhang Li , Junyu Chen , Zheng Guo , Shengzhe Xu , Lin Zhang , Lei Li

The growing demand for road use in urban areas has led to significant traffic congestion, posing challenges that are costly to mitigate through infrastructure expansion alone. As an alternative, optimizing existing traffic management…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Muhammad Tahir Rafique , Ahmed Mustafa , Hasan Sajid

Based of simulations of a stochastic three-phase traffic flow model, we reveal that at a signalized city intersection under small link inflow rates at which a vehicle queue developed during the red phase of light signal dissolves fully…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-30 Boris S. Kerner

By analyzing empirical time headway distributions of traffic flow, a hypothesis about the underlying stochastic process can be drawn. The results found lead to the assumption that the headways $T_i$ of individual vehicles follow a linear…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter Wagner

This contribution presents a derivation of the steady-state distribution of velocities and distances of vehicles in freeway traffic which has been suggested for the evaluation of interaction potentials among vehicles (see preprint…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dirk Helbing , Martin Treiber

Today's intelligent traffic light control system is based on the current road traffic conditions for traffic regulation. However, these approaches cannot exploit the future traffic information in advance. In this paper, we propose GPlight,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Xiaorong Hu , Chenguang Zhao , Gang Wang

A Bayesian approach to predicting traffic flows at signalised intersections is considered using the the INLA framework. INLA is a deterministic, computationally efficient alternative to MCMC for estimating a posterior distribution. It is…

Applications · Statistics 2021-07-09 D. Townsend , C. Nel

We have developed a Nagel-Schreckenberg cellular automata model for describing of vehicular traffic flow at a single intersection. A set of traffic lights operating in fixed-time scheme controls the traffic flow. Open boundary condition is…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-05-10 M. Ebrahim Foulaadvand , Somayyeh Belbasi