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We consider an online matching problem with concave returns. This problem is a significant generalization of the Adwords allocation problem and has vast applications in online advertising. In this problem, a sequence of items arrive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-06-09 Xiao Alison Chen , Zizhuo Wang

Display Ads and the generalized assignment problem are two well-studied online packing problems with important applications in ad allocation and other areas. In both problems, ad impressions arrive online and have to be allocated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Fabian Spaeh , Alina Ene

Digital advertising platforms operate millisecond-level auctions through Real-Time Bidding (RTB) systems, where advertisers compete for ad impressions through algorithmic bids. This dynamic mechanism enables precise audience targeting but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Pusen Dong , Chenglong Cao , Xinyu Zhou , Jirong You , Linhe Xu , Feifan Xu , Shuo Yuan

Auctions are becoming an increasingly popular method for transacting business, especially over the Internet. This article presents a general approach to building autonomous bidding agents to bid in multiple simultaneous auctions for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-28 J. A. Csirik , M. L. Littman , D. McAllester , R. E. Schapire , P. Stone

We study an online learning problem on dynamic pricing and resource allocation, where we make joint pricing and inventory decisions to maximize the overall net profit. We consider the stochastic dependence of demands on the price, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Jianyu Xu , Xuan Wang , Yu-Xiang Wang , Jiashuo Jiang

This note is a complementary material for the solution of optimal real-time bidding function in paper "Optimal Real-Time Bidding for Display Advertising, KDD 2014", where the estimated cost is taken as the bid price, i.e., the upper bound…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-02-03 Weinan Zhang , Kan Ren , Jun Wang

Pay-per-click advertising includes various formats (\emph{e.g.}, search, contextual, social) with a total investment of more than 200 billion USD per year worldwide. An advertiser is given a daily budget to allocate over several, even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Alessandro Nuara , Francesco Trovò , Nicola Gatti , Marcello Restelli

In e-commerce platforms such as Amazon and TaoBao, ranking items in a search session is a typical multi-step decision-making problem. Learning to rank (LTR) methods have been widely applied to ranking problems. However, such methods often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Yujing Hu , Qing Da , Anxiang Zeng , Yang Yu , Yinghui Xu

We study the problem of auction design for advertising platforms that face strategic advertisers who are bidding across platforms. Each advertiser's goal is to maximize their total value or conversions while satisfying some constraint(s)…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Gagan Aggarwal , Andres Perlroth , Ariel Schvartzman , Mingfei Zhao

Auto-bidding problem under a strict return-on-spend constraint (ROSC) is considered, where an algorithm has to make decisions about how much to bid for an ad slot depending on the revealed value, and the hidden allocation and payment…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Rahul Vaze , Abhishek Sinha

Ad exchanges are becoming an increasingly popular way to sell advertisement slots on the internet. An ad exchange is basically a spot market for ad impressions. A publisher who has already signed contracts reserving advertisement…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-04-20 Wolfgang Dvořák , Monika Henzinger

This paper describes a purely data-driven solution to a class of sequential decision-making problems with a large number of concurrent online decisions, with applications to computing systems and operations research. We assume that while…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Hardik Meisheri , Vinita Baniwal , Nazneen N Sultana , Balaraman Ravindran , Harshad Khadilkar

In the Real-Time Bidding (RTB), advertisers are increasingly relying on bid optimization to gain more conversions (i.e trade or arrival). Currently, the efficiency of bid optimization is still challenged by the (1) sparse feedback, (2) the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Xiao Wang , Shaoguo Liu , Yidong Jia , Yuxin Fu , Yufang Yu , Liang Wang , Bo Zheng

Real-time bidding, as one of the most popular mechanisms for selling online ad slots, facilitates advertisers to reach their potential customers. The goal of bidding optimization is to maximize the advertisers' return on investment (ROI)…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-01 Manxing Du , Alexander I. Cowen-Rivers , Ying Wen , Phu Sakulwongtana , Jun Wang , Mats Brorsson , Radu State

In programmatic advertising, ad slots are usually sold using second-price (SP) auctions in real-time. The highest bidding advertiser wins but pays only the second-highest bid (known as the winning price). In SP, for a single item, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Aritra Ghosh , Saayan Mitra , Somdeb Sarkhel , Jason Xie , Gang Wu , Viswanathan Swaminathan

Advertisers usually enjoy the flexibility to choose criteria like target audience, geographic area and bid price when planning an campaign for online display advertising, while they lack forecast information on campaign performance to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Jun Chen , Cheng Chen , Huayue Zhang , Qing Tan

Online media provides opportunities for marketers through which they can deliver effective brand messages to a wide range of audiences. Advertising technology platforms enable advertisers to reach their target audience by delivering ad…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-01-12 Shahriar Shariat , Burkay Orten , Ali Dasdan

We study a game played between advertisers in an online ad platform. The platform sells ad impressions by first-price auction and provides autobidding algorithms that optimize bids on each advertiser's behalf, subject to advertiser…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Yiding Feng , Brendan Lucier , Aleksandrs Slivkins

We consider a novel pricing and advertising framework, where a seller not only sets product price but also designs flexible 'advertising schemes' to influence customers' valuation of the product. We impose no structural restriction on the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Shipra Agrawal , Yiding Feng , Wei Tang

Online bidding is a classical problem in online decision-making, with applications in resource allocation, hierarchical clustering, and the analysis of approximation algorithms. We study its randomized learning-augmented variant, where an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Mathis Degryse , Imrane Saakour , Christoph Dürr , Spyros Angelopoulos