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The Clifford group is a finite subgroup of the unitary group generated by the Hadamard, the CNOT, and the Phase gates. This group plays a prominent role in quantum error correction, randomized benchmarking protocols, and the study of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-17 Sergey Bravyi , Ruslan Shaydulin , Shaohan Hu , Dmitri Maslov

Quantum Approximation Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a highly advocated variational algorithm for solving the combinatorial optimization problem. One critical feature in the quantum circuit of QAOA algorithm is that it consists of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-21 Yuwei Jin , Jason Luo , Lucent Fong , Yanhao Chen , Ari B. Hayes , Chi Zhang , Fei Hua , Eddy Z. Zhang

A common requirement of quantum simulations and algorithms is the preparation of complex states through sequences of 2-qubit gates. For a generic quantum state, the number of gates grows exponentially with the number of qubits, becoming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Matan Ben Dov , David Shnaiderov , Adi Makmal , Emanuele G. Dalla Torre

Optimal implementation of quantum gates is crucial for designing a quantum computer. We consider the matrix representation of an arbitrary multiqubit gate. By ordering the basis vectors using the Gray code, we construct the quantum circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Juha J. Vartiainen , Mikko Mottonen , Martti M. Salomaa

Unitary decomposition is a widely used method to map quantum algorithms to an arbitrary set of quantum gates. Efficient implementation of this decomposition allows for translation of bigger unitary gates into elementary quantum operations,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 A. M. Krol , A. Sarkar , I. Ashraf , Z. Al-Ars , K. Bertels

We provide a method for compiling approximate multi-controlled single qubit gates into quantum circuits without ancilla qubits. The total number of elementary gates to decompose an n-qubit multi-controlled gate is proportional to 32n, and…

We demonstrate machine learning assisted design of a two-qubit gate in a Rydberg tweezer system. Two low-energy hyperfine states in each of the atoms represent the logical qubit and a Rydberg state acts as an auxiliary state to induce qubit…

This paper addresses the challenge of scaling quantum computing by employing distributed quantum algorithms across multiple processors. We propose a novel circuit partitioning method that leverages graph partitioning to optimize both qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-28 Eneet Kaur , Hassan Shapourian , Jiapeng Zhao , Michael Kilzer , Ramana Kompella , Reza Nejabati

Current quantum computers suffer from a limited number of qubits and high error rates, limiting practical applicability. Different techniques exist to mitigate these effects and run larger algorithms. In this work, we analyze one of these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Michel Meulen , Niels M. P. Neumann , Jasper Verbree

We present Quantum Depth Compression (QDC), a general compilation framework that utilizes dynamic circuits to reduce arbitrary quantum circuits to depth linear in the number of non-Clifford gates and to grid connectivity without the need…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-19 Benjamin Hall , Palash Goiporia , Rich Rines

We apply quantum optimal control theory (QOCT) to an exactly solvable non-Markovian open quantum bit (qubit) system to achieve state-independent quantum control and construct high-fidelity quantum gates for moderate qubit decaying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-12 Jung-Shen Tai , Kuan-Ting Lin , Hsi-Sheng Goan

Two different algorithms are presented for generating a quantum circuit realization of a matrix representing a permutation on $2^n$ letters. All circuits involve $n$ qubits and only use multi--controlled Toffoli gates. The first algorithm…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Jason Hanson

Quantum resource analysis is crucial for designing quantum circuits as well as assessing the viability of arbitrary (error-corrected) quantum computations. To this end, we introduce QUANTIFY, which is an open-source framework for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-22 Oumarou Oumarou , Alexandru Paler , Robert Basmadjian

While quantum information processing by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with small number of qubits is well established, implementation of lengthy computations have proved to be difficult due to decoherence/relaxation. In such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Gopinath , Ranabir Das , Anil Kumar

Extracting information from quantum systems is crucial in quantum physics and information processing. Methods based on randomized measurements, like shadow estimation, show advantages in effectively achieving such tasks. However, randomized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-10 Zhou You , Qing Liu , You Zhou

Optimizing the size and depth of CNOT circuits is an active area of research in quantum computing and is particularly relevant for circuits synthesized from the Clifford + T universal gate set. Although many techniques exist for finding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Alan Bu , Evan Fan , Robert Sanghyeon Joo

It is vital to minimise the impact of errors for near-future quantum devices that will lack the resources for full fault tolerance. Two quantum error mitigation (QEM) techniques have been introduced recently, namely error extrapolation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 Suguru Endo , Simon C. Benjamin , Ying Li

In the era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ), executing quantum algorithms on actual quantum devices faces unique challenges. One such challenge is that quantum devices in this era have restricted connectivity: quantum gates are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-16 Yao Tang

We propose a scheme for quantum computing using high-Q cavities in which the qubits are represented by single cavity modes restricted in the space spanned by the two lowest Fock states. We show that single qubit operations and universal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 V. Giovannetti , D. Vitali , P. Tombesi , A. Ekert

The quantum Fourier transform (QFT) is a key ingredient of several quantum algorithms and a qudit-specific implementation of the QFT is hence an important step toward the realization of qudit-based quantum computers. This work develops a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-24 Shruti Dogra , Arvind , Kavita Dorai