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Magnon torques, which can operate without involving moving electrons, could circumvent the Joule heating issue. In conventional magnon torque systems, the spin source layer with strong spin-orbit coupling is utilized to inject magnons, and…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-12 Yuchen Pu , Guoyi Shi , Hua Bai , Xinhou Chen , Chenhui Zhang , Zhaohui Li , Mehrdad Elyasi , Hyunsoo Yang

Exploiting current-induced spin-orbit torques (SOTs) to manipulate the magnetic state of dipolar-coupled nanomagnet systems with in-plane magnetic anisotropy, such as artificial spin ices, provides a route to local,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 A. Pac , G. M. Macauley , J. A. Brock , A. Hrabec , A. Kurenkov , V. Raposo , E. Martinez , L. J. Heyderman

Nanodots with magnetic vortices have many potential applications, such as magnetic memories (VRAMs) and spin transfer nano-oscillators (STNOs). Adding a perpendicular anisotropy term to the magnetic energy of the nanodot it becomes possible…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 E. R. P. Novais , P. Landeros , A. G. S. Barbosa , M. D. Martins , F. Garcia , A. P. Guimarães

The growing demand for artificial intelligence and complex computing has underscored the urgent need for advanced data storage technologies. Spin-orbit torque (SOT) has emerged as a leading candidate for high-speed, high-density magnetic…

The capability of the spin-orbit torque (SOT) generated via phenomena such as the spin Hall effect in heavy metals, in switching the magnetization of an adjacent magnetic material, has been studied extensively over the last decade. The…

The development of magnetic heterostructures with strong spin-orbit torques (SOTs), low impedance, strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), and good integration compatibility at the same time is central for high-performance…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-08-20 Zhihao Yan , Zhengxiao Li , Lujun Zhu , Xin Lin , Lijun Zhu

Current-induced torques originating from earth-abundant 3d elements offer a promising avenue for low-cost and sustainable spintronic memory and logic applications. Recently, orbital currents -- transverse orbital angular momentum flow in…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-02-03 Silvia Damerio , Can O. Avci

We discuss a spin-transfer torque device, where the role of the soft ferromagnetic layer is played by a magnetic particle or a magnetic molecule, in weak tunnel contact with two spin polarized leads. We investigate if the magnetization of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-10-19 P. Gartland , D. Davidovic

The giant spin Hall effect in magnetic heterostructures along with low spin memory loss and high interfacial spin mixing conductance are prerequisites to realize energy efficient spin torque based logic devices. We report giant spin Hall…

The ability of spintronic devices to utilize an electric current for manipulating the magnetization has resulted in large-scale developments, such as, magnetic random access memories and boosted the spintronic research area. In this regard,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-08-22 Rajagopalan Ramaswamy , Jong Min Lee , Kaiming Cai , Hyunsoo Yang

Currents induce magnetization torques via spin-transfer when the spin angular momentum is conserved or via relativistic spin-orbit coupling. Beyond simple models, the relationship between material properties and spin-orbit torques is not…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-08-27 Kjetil M. D. Hals , Arne Brataas

We experimentally investigate spin-orbit torques and spin pumping in NiFe/Pt bilayers with direct and interrupted interfaces. The damping-like and field-like torques are simultaneously measured with spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance tuned…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-02-16 Tianxiang Nan , Satoru Emori , Carl T. Boone , Xinjun Wang , Trevor M. Oxholm , John G. Jones , Brandon M. Howe , Gail J. Brown , Nian X. Sun

We study deterministic magnetic reversal of a perpendicularly magnetized Co layer in a Co/MgO/Ta nano-square driven by spin Hall torque from an in-plane current flowing in an underlying Pt layer. The rate-limiting step of the switching…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 O. J. Lee , L. Q. Liu , C. F. Pai , H. W. Tseng , Y. Li , D. C. Ralph , R. A. Buhrman

Understanding the magnetization dynamics induced by spin transfer torques in perpendicularly magnetized magnetic tunnel junction nanopillars and its dependence on material parameters is critical to optimizing device performance. Here we…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-04-14 Jamileh Beik Mohammadi , Andrew D. Kent

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in spin-orbit torques (SOTs) for manipulating the magnetization in nonvolatile magnetic memory devices. SOTs rely on the spin-orbit coupling of a nonmagnetic material coupled to a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-11-19 Jan Hidding , Marcos H. D. Guimarães

Controlling magnetic properties through the application of an electric field is a significant challenge in modern nanomagnetism. In this study, we investigate the magneto-ionic control of magnetic anisotropy in the topmost Co layer in…

The spin Hall effect (SHE) generates spin currents within nonmagnetic materials. Previously, studies of the SHE have been motivated primarily to understand its fundamental origin and magnitude. Here we demonstrate, using measurement and…

Materials Science · Physics 2013-05-30 Luqiao Liu , O. J. Lee , T. J. Gudmundsen , D. C. Ralph , R. A. Buhrman

In bilayer systems consisting of an ultrathin ferromagnetic layer adjacent to a metal with strong spin-orbit coupling, an applied in-plane current induces torques on the magnetization. The torques that arise from spin-orbit coupling are of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Paul M. Haney , Hyun-Woo Lee , Kyung-Jin Lee , Aurélien Manchon , M. D. Stiles

Using thin film pillars ~100 nm in diameter, containing two ferromagnetic Co layers of different thicknesses separated by a paramagnetic Cu spacer, we examine effects of torques due to spin-polarized currents flowing perpendicular to the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 J. A. Katine , F. J. Albert , R. A. Buhrman , E. B. Myers , D. C. Ralph

Using resonant x-ray diffraction, we observe an easy c-axis collinear antiferromagnetic structure for the bilayer Sr$_3$Ir$_2$O$_7$, a significant contrast to the single layer Sr$_2$IrO$_4$ with in-plane canted moments. Based on a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2012-12-11 J. W. Kim , Y. Choi , Jungho Kim , J. F. Mitchell , G. Jackeli , M. Daghofer , J. van den Brink , G. Khaliullin , B. J. Kim