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A number of relaxed, cool-core galaxy clusters exhibit diffuse, steep-spectrum radio sources in their central regions, known as radio mini-halos. It has been proposed that the relativistic electrons responsible for the emission have been…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 John ZuHone , Maxim Markevitch , Gianfranco Brunetti , Simona Giacintucci

Radio relics are diffuse extended synchrotron sources that originate from shock fronts induced by galaxy cluster mergers. The actual particle acceleration mechanism at the shock fronts is still under debate. The galaxy cluster 1RXS…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-04-15 K. Rajpurohit , M. Hoeft , F. Vazza , L. Rudnick , R. J. van Weeren , D. Wittor , A. Drabent , M. Brienza , F. Loi , E. Bonnassieux , N. Locatelli , R. Kale , C. Dumba

We report the discovery of large-scale diffuse radio emission from what appears to be a large-scale filamentary network of galaxies in the region of cluster ZwCl 2341.1+0000, and stretching over an area of at least $6 h^{-1}_{50}$ Mpc in…

Giant radio halos (RH) are diffuse Mpc-scale synchrotron sources detected in a fraction of massive and merging galaxy clusters. An unbiased study of the statistical properties of RHs is crucial to constrain their origin and evolution. We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-12 V. Cuciti , R. Cassano , G. Brunetti , D. Dallacasa , R. Kale , S. Ettori , T. Venturi

Pairs of radio relics are believed to form during cluster mergers, and are best observed when the merger occurs in the plane of the sky. Mergers can also produce radio halos, through complex processes likely linked to turbulent…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-26 A. Bonafede , R. Cassano , M. Brüggen , G. A. Ogrean , C. J. Riseley , V. Cuciti , F. de Gasperin , N. Golovich , R. Kale , T. Venturi , R. J van Weeren , D. R. Wik , D. Wittman

Radio halos are diffuse synchrotron sources on scales of ~1 Mpc that are found in merging clusters of galaxies, and are believed to be powered by electrons re-accelerated by the merger-driven turbulence. We present measurements of extended…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-18 Martin W. Sommer , Kaustuv Basu , Huib Intema , Florian Pacaud , Annalisa Bonafede , Arif Babul , Frank Bertoldi

Clusters of galaxies are sites of acceleration of charged particles and sources of non-thermal radiation. We report on new constraints on the population of cosmic rays in the Intra Cluster Medium (ICM) obtained via radio observations of a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. Brunetti , T. Venturi , D. Dallacasa , R. Cassano , K. Dolag , S. Giacintucci , G. Setti

We attempt to explain the non-thermal emission arising from galaxy clusters as a result of the re-acceleration of electrons by compressible turbulence induced by cluster mergers. In our model intracluster medium (ICM) is represented by a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 G. Brunetti , A. Lazarian

A fraction of merging galaxy clusters host diffuse radio emission in their central region, termed as a giant radio halo (GRH). The most promising mechanism of GRHs is the re-acceleration of non-thermal electrons and positrons by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-17 Kosuke Nishiwaki , Katsuaki Asano , Kohta Murase

On the largest scales, galaxies are pulled together by gravity to form clusters, which are connected by filaments making a web-like pattern. Radio emission is predicted from this cosmic web, which should originate from the strong accretion…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-17 Tessa Vernstrom , Jennifer West , Franco Vazza , Denis Wittor , Christopher John Riseley , George Heald

Recent observations of excess radiation at extreme ultraviolet and hard X-ray energies straddling the well known thermal soft X-ray emission have provided new tools and puzzles for investigation of the acceleration of nonthermal particles…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Vahé Petrosian

The number of diffuse radio halos in clusters of galaxies has grown in recent years, making it possible to derive statistical properties of these sources and of the hosting clusters. We show that diffuse sources are associated with X-ray…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. Feretti , G. Brunetti , G. Giovannini , F. Govoni , G. Setti

Galaxy clusters, the largest gravitationally bound objects in the Universe, are thought to grow by accreting mass from their surroundings through large-scale virial shocks. Due to electron acceleration in such a shock, it should appear as a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-15 Uri Keshet , Doron Kushnir , Abraham Loeb , Eli Waxman

An important aspect of the radio emission from galaxy clusters is represented by the diffuse radio sources associated with the intracluster medium: radio halos, relics and mini-halos. The radio halos and relics are indicators of cluster…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 L. Feretti , C. Burigana , T. A. Ensslin

The universe's large-scale structure forms a vast, interconnected network of filaments, sheets, and voids known as the cosmic web. For decades, astronomers have observed that the orientations of neighboring galaxy clusters within these…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-25 Michael J. West , Roberto De Propris , Maret Einasto , Z. L. Wen , J. L. Han

Cosmological MHD simulations of galaxy cluster formation show a significant amplification of seed magnetic fields. We developed a novel method to decompose cluster magnetized turbulence into modes and showed that the fraction of the fast…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-12 Andrey Beresnyak , Hao Xu , Hui Li , Reinhard Schlickeiser

We present new, high frequency radio observations of the merging galaxy clusters PLCK G287.0+32.9, Abell 2744, and Bullet. These clusters are known to host $\sim$Mpc scale sources, known as radio halos, which are formed by the acceleration…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-20 K. Rajpurohit , A. Botteon , E. O'Sullivan , W. Forman , M. Balboni , L. Bruno , R. J. van Weeren , M. Hoeft , G. Brunetti , C. Jones , A. S. Rajpurohit , S. P. Sikhosana

We present VLA radio and Chandra X-ray observations of the merging galaxy cluster Abell 3411. For the cluster, we find an overall temperature of 6.4 keV and an X-ray luminosity of 2.8 x 10^{44} erg s^{-1} between 0.5 and 2.0 keV. The…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-05-23 R. J. van Weeren , K. Fogarty , C. Jones , W. R. Forman , T. E. Clarke , M. Bruggen , R. P. Kraft , D. V. Lal , S. S. Murray , H. J. A. Rottgering

New sensitive VLA observations confirm the existence of halo and relic sources in 6 Abell clusters where a diffuse emission was found in the NVSS. We find evidence that the frequency of clusters with halos and relics is larger in clusters…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gabriele Giovannini , Luigina Feretti , Federica Govoni

Acceleration of cosmic-ray electrons (CRe) in the intra-cluster-medium (ICM) is probed by radio observations that detect diffuse, Mpc-scale, synchrotron sources in a fraction of galaxy clusters. Giant radio halos are the most spectacular…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-09-11 G. Brunetti