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Current LLM safety defenses fail under decomposition attacks, where a malicious goal is decomposed into benign subtasks that circumvent refusals. The challenge lies in the existing shallow safety alignment techniques: they only detect harm…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Chen Yueh-Han , Nitish Joshi , Yulin Chen , Maksym Andriushchenko , Rico Angell , He He

With the increasing integration of smart meters in electrical grids worldwide, detecting energy theft has become a critical and ongoing challenge. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based models have demonstrated strong performance in identifying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Caylum Collier , Krishnendu Guha

Device-side Large Language Models (LLMs) have witnessed explosive growth, offering higher privacy and availability compared to cloud-side LLMs. During LLM inference, both model weights and user data are valuable, and attackers may even…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Yinpeng Wu , Yitong Chen , Lixiang Wang , Jinyu Gu , Zhichao Hua , Yubin Xia

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly facilitated human life, and prompt engineering has improved the efficiency of these models. However, recent years have witnessed a rise in prompt engineering-empowered attacks, leading to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Haiyang Huang , Tianhui Meng , Weijia Jia

Security Operations Centers (SOCs) face mounting operational challenges. These challenges come from increasing threat volumes, heterogeneous SIEM platforms, and time-consuming manual triage workflows. We present an end-to-end threat…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Md Hasan Saju , Akramul Azim

Enclaves have emerged as a particularly compelling primitive to implement trusted execution environments: strongly isolated sensitive user-mode processes in a largely untrusted software environment. While the threat models employed by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-31 Ilia Lebedev , Kyle Hogan , Jules Drean , David Kohlbrenner , Dayeol Lee , Krste Asanović , Dawn Song , Srinivas Devadas

Global KV-cache sharing is an effective optimization for accelerating large language model (LLM) inference, yet it introduces an API-visible timing side channel that lets adversaries infer sensitive user inputs from shared entries, leading…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Kexin Chu , Zecheng Lin , Dawei Xiang , Zixu Shen , Jianchang Su , Cheng Chu , Yiwei Yang , Wenhui Zhang , Wenfei Wu , Wei Zhang

With the continuous evolution of computational devices, more and more applications are being executed remotely. The applications operate on a wide spectrum of devices, ranging from IoT nodes with low computational capabilities to large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Jeferson Gonzalez-Gomez , Hassan Nassar , Lars Bauer , Jorg Henkel

Most large language models (LLMs) run on external clouds: users send a prompt, pay for inference, and must trust that the remote GPU executes the LLM without any adversarial tampering. We critically ask how to achieve verifiable LLM…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Oguzhan Baser , Elahe Sadeghi , Eric Wang , David Ribeiro Alves , Sam Kazemian , Hong Kang , Sandeep P. Chinchali , Sriram Vishwanath

Large language models (LLMs) deployed in user-facing applications require long-horizon consistency: the ability to remember prior interactions, respect user preferences, and ground reasoning in past events. However, contemporary memory…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Daivik Patel , Shrenik Patel

Remote code disclosure attacks threaten embedded systems as they allow attackers to steal intellectual property or to find reusable code for use in control-flow hijacking attacks. Execute-only memory (XOM) prevents remote code disclosures,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Zhuojia Shen , Komail Dharsee , John Criswell

We propose using reinforcement learning to address the challenges of discovering microarchitectural vulnerabilities, such as Spectre and Meltdown, which exploit subtle interactions in modern processors. Traditional methods like random…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-21 M. Caner Tol , Kemal Derya , Berk Sunar

In this work, we present an efficient secure multi-party computation MPC protocol that provides strong security guarantees in settings with dishonest majority of participants who may behave arbitrarily. Unlike the popular MPC implementation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Tzu-Shen Wang , Jimmy Dani , Juan Garay , Soamar Homsi , Nitesh Saxena

Source Code Model learn the proper embeddings from source codes, demonstrating significant success in various software engineering or security tasks. The recent explosive development of LLM extends the family of SCMs,bringing LLMs for code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Weiye Li , Wenyi Tang

The development process of microcontroller firmware often involves multiple parties. In such a scenario, the Intellectual Property (IP) is not protected against adversarial developers which have unrestricted access to the firmware binary.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Marc Schink , Johannes Obermaier

Reliability has emerged as a key topic of interest for researchers around the world to detect and/or mitigate the side effects of decreasing transistor sizes, such as soft errors. Traditional solutions, like DMR and TMR, incur significant…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Bharath Srinivas Prabakaran , Mihika Dave , Florian Kriebel , Semeen Rehman , Muhammad Shafique

Authenticated data storage on an untrusted platform is an important computing paradigm for cloud applications ranging from big-data outsourcing, to cryptocurrency and certificate transparency log. These modern applications increasingly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Yuzhe Tang , Ju Chen , Kai Li , Jianliang Xu , Qi Zhang

LLM inference and serving systems have become security-critical infrastructure; however, many of their most concerning failures arise from the serving layer rather than from model behavior alone. Modern inference engines combine KV cache,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yunze Zhao , Yibo Zhao , Yuchen Zhang , Zaoxing Liu , Michelle L. Mazurek

Recent advances in secure hardware technologies, such as Intel SGX or ARM TrustZone, offer an opportunity to substantially reduce the costs of Byzantine fault-tolerance by placing the program code and state within a secure enclave known as…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Sadegh Keshavarzi , Gregory Chockler , Alexey Gotsman

Runtime integrity measurements identify unexpected changes in operating systems and hypervisors during operation, enabling early detection of persistent threats. System Management Mode, a privileged x86 CPU mode, has the potential to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Brian Delgado , Karen L. Karavanic