Related papers: An analytical model of crater count equilibrium

Investigating in the laboratory the process of matter accretion onto forming stars through scaled experiments is important in order to better understand star and planetary systems formation and evolution. Such experiments can indeed…

The dynamic energy balance is essential for earthquake studies. The energy balance approach is one of the most famous developments in fracture mechanics. To interpret seismological data, crack models and sliding on a frictional surface…

Melting is often understood in purely equilibrium terms, where crystalline order disappears once the free energy of the solid equals that of the liquid. Yet at the microscopic level, the initiating events for melting can often be traced to…

In spherical symmetry compelling numerical evidence suggests that in general relativity solutions near the threshold of black hole formation exhibit critical behavior. One aspect of this is that threshold solutions themselves are…

Impact cratering plays a crucial role in shaping the surfaces of small bodies, satellites, and planets, providing insights into their formation and the history of the Solar System. Small bodies are often covered with low-cohesion regolith.…

We report the formation of a crater at the free surface of an immersed granular bed,locally crossed by an ascending gas flow. In two dimensions, the crater consists of two piles which develop around the location of the gas emission. We…

A mean field theory is developed for the calculation of the surface free energy of the staggered BCSOS, (or six vertex) model as function of the surface orientation and of temperature. The model approximately describes surfaces of crystals…

The scattering of small bodies by planets is an important dynamical process in planetary systems. We present an analytical model to describe this process using the simplifying assumption that each particle's dynamics is dominated by a…

The formation of an equilibrium quantum state from an uncorrelated thermal one through the dynamical crossing of a phase transition is a central question of non-equilibrium many-body physics. During such crossing, the system breaks its…

Clustering analysis identifies samples as groups based on either their mutual closeness or homogeneity. In order to detect clusters in arbitrary shapes, a novel and generic solution based on boundary erosion is proposed. The clusters are…

We calculate the current spatial distribution of projectile delivery to the Earth and Moon using numerical orbital dynamics simulations of candidate impactors drawn from a debiased Near-Earth-Object (NEO) model. Surprisingly, we find that…

In the standard cosmological paradigm, structure formation occurs via gravitational encounters and mergers between galaxies and dark matter halos. These collisionless self-gravitating systems therefore prevail in a state of non-equilibrium…

Computational modeling of faulting processes is an essential tool for understanding earthquake mechanics but remains challenging due to the structural and material complexities of fault zones. The phase-field method has recently enabled…

Quasistatic evolutions of critical points of time-dependent energies exhibit piecewise smooth behavior, making them useful for modeling continuum mechanics phenomena like elastic-plasticity and fracture. Traditionally, such evolutions have…

The source of impactors capable of producing the cratering asymmetry on Triton is open to debate. While hyperbolic comets are the likely source of impactors, the theoretically predicted crater distribution due to impacts from comets is…

Pluto's surface displays a wide variety of geologic units from smooth plains to extremely rugged mountainous expanses. These terrains range in age from young, actively resurfaced regions (no observable craters even in the highest-resolution…

Although there have been extensive investigations characterizing cavitation phenomenon in fuel injectors, much is still unknown about the mechanisms driving cavitation-induced erosion, and how these complicated physics should be represented…

We present a theoretical and analytical curve with reproduce essential features of the frequency distributions vs. diameter, of the 42,000 crater contained in the Barlow Mars Catalog. The model is derived using reasonable simple assumptions…

At a critical point of a second order phase transition the intrinsic energy surface is flat and there is no stable minimum value of the deformation. However, for a finite system, we show that there is an effective deformation which can…

Living systems produce "persistent" copies of information-carrying polymers, in which template and copy sequences remain correlated after physically decoupling. We identify a general measure of the thermodynamic efficiency with which these…