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In recent years, randomized algorithms have established themselves as fundamental tools in computational linear algebra, with applications in scientific computing, machine learning, and quantum information science. Many randomized matrix…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Ethan N. Epperly

Learning intersections of halfspaces is a central problem in Computational Learning Theory. Even for just two halfspaces, it remains a major open question whether learning is possible in polynomial time with respect to the margin $\gamma$…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ilias Diakonikolas , Mingchen Ma , Lisheng Ren , Christos Tzamos

Hierarchical matrices approximate a given matrix by a decomposition into low-rank submatrices that can be handled efficiently in factorized form. $\mathcal{H}^2$-matrices refine this representation following the ideas of fast multipole…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-24 Steffen Börm

We introduce the categories of quasi-measurable spaces, which are slight generalizations of the category of quasi-Borel spaces, where we now allow for general sample spaces and less restrictive random variables, spaces and maps. We show…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-09-27 Patrick Forré

Square matrices appear in many machine learning problems and models. Optimization over a large square matrix is expensive in memory and in time. Therefore an economic approximation is needed. Conventional approximation approaches factorize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Ruslan Khalitov , Tong Yu , Lei Cheng , Zhirong Yang

We develop algorithms for inner approximating the cone of positive semidefinite matrices via linear programming and second order cone programming. Starting with an initial linear algebraic approximation suggested recently by Ahmadi and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-03-14 Amir Ali Ahmadi , Sanjeeb Dash , Georgina Hall

We show how to compute a relative-error low-rank approximation to any positive semidefinite (PSD) matrix in sublinear time, i.e., for any $n \times n$ PSD matrix $A$, in $\tilde O(n \cdot poly(k/\epsilon))$ time we output a rank-$k$ matrix…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-01-04 Cameron Musco , David P. Woodruff

The quasi-potential is a key concept of the Large Deviation Theory for Stochastic Differential Equations (SDEs). Once the quasi-potential with respect to an attractor of the corresponding deterministic system is found, one can readily…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-01-08 M. K. Cameron

A general classification of linear differential and finite-difference operators possessing a finite-dimensional invariant subspace with a polynomial basis is given. The main result is that any operator with the above property must have a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-02-03 Alexander Turbiner

In this paper, we study first-order methods on a large variety of low-rank matrix optimization problems, whose solutions only live in a low dimensional eigenspace. Traditional first-order methods depend on the eigenvalue decomposition at…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-04-25 Yongfeng Li , Haoyang Liu , Zaiwen Wen , Yaxiang Yuan

We consider the least-squares approximation of a matrix C in the set of doubly stochastic matrices with the same sparsity pattern as C. Our approach is based on applying the well-known Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) to a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-14 Nikitas Rontsis , Paul J. Goulart

The algorithm and complexity of approximating the permanent of a matrix is an extensively studied topic. Recently, its connection with quantum supremacy and more specifically BosonSampling draws special attention to the average-case…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Zhengfeng Ji , Zhihan Jin , Pinyan Lu

While quantum algorithms for solving large scale systems of linear equations offer potentially exponential speedups, their application has largely been confined to sparse matrices. This work extends the scope of these algorithms to a broad…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Kun Tang , Jun Lai

Multipoint polynomial evaluation and interpolation are fundamental for modern symbolic and numerical computing. The known algorithms solve both problems over any field of constants in nearly linear arithmetic time, but the cost grows to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-04-19 Victor Y. Pan

We design a sublinear-time approximation algorithm for quadratic function minimization problems with a better error bound than the previous algorithm by Hayashi and Yoshida (NIPS'16). Our approximation algorithm can be modified to handle…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-06-29 Amit Levi , Yuichi Yoshida

Structured Low-Rank Approximation is a problem arising in a wide range of applications in Numerical Analysis and Engineering Sciences. Given an input matrix $M$, the goal is to compute a matrix $M'$ of given rank $r$ in a linear or affine…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2014-10-28 Éric Schost , Pierre-Jean Spaenlehauer

We present a sublinear query algorithm for outputting a near-optimal low-rank approximation to any positive semidefinite Toeplitz matrix $T \in \mathbb{R}^{d \times d}$. In particular, for any integer rank $k \leq d$ and $\epsilon,\delta >…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Michael Kapralov , Hannah Lawrence , Mikhail Makarov , Cameron Musco , Kshiteej Sheth

The matching and linear matroid intersection problems are solvable in quasi-NC, meaning that there exist deterministic algorithms that run in polylogarithmic time and use quasi-polynomially many parallel processors. However, such a parallel…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Rohit Gurjar , Taihei Oki , Roshan Raj

This paper studies inference in linear models with a high-dimensional parameter matrix that can be well-approximated by a ``spiked low-rank matrix.'' A spiked low-rank matrix has rank that grows slowly compared to its dimensions and nonzero…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-04 Victor Chernozhukov , Christian Hansen , Yuan Liao , Yinchu Zhu

A matrix algorithm is said to be superfast (that is, runs at sublinear cost) if it involves much fewer scalars and flops than the input matrix has entries. Such algorithms have been extensively studied and widely applied in modern…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Soo Go , Victor Y. Pan