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Two-factor authentication (2FA) schemes that rely on a combination of knowledge factors (e.g., PIN) and device possession have gained popularity. Some of these schemes remain secure even against strong adversaries that (a) observe the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Steven J. Murdoch , Aydin Abadi

Extended Reality (XR) technologies are becoming integral to daily life. However, password-based authentication in XR disrupts immersion due to poor usability, as entering credentials with XR controllers is cumbersome and error-prone. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Matin Fallahi , Patricia Arias-Cabarcos , Thorsten Strufe

Fingerprint traits are widely recognized for their unique qualities and security benefits. Despite their extensive use, fingerprint features can be vulnerable to puppet attacks, where attackers manipulate a reluctant but genuine user into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Wenhao Wang , Guyue Li , Zhiming Chu , Haobo Li , Daniele Faccio

Credential theft and remote attacks are the most serious threats to user authentication mechanisms. The crux of these problems is that we cannot control such behaviors. However, if a password does not contain user secrets, stealing it is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Suyun Borjigin

This work explores the feasibility of biometric authentication using EEG signals acquired through in-ear devices, commonly referred to as ear-EEG. Traditional EEG-based biometric systems, while secure, often suffer from low usability due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Danilo Avola , Giancarlo Crocetti , Gian Luca Foresti , Daniele Pannone , Claudio Piciarelli , Amedeo Ranaldi

Hardware security keys undoubtedly have advantage for users as "usability" pain is trivial compared to the maximum "security" gain in authentication. Naturally, the hardware factor in the authentication received a widespread adoption…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Aziz Zeidieh , Filipo Sharevski

Biometric Authentication has become a very popular method for different state-of-the-art security architectures. Albeit the ubiquitous acceptance and constant development of trivial biometric authentication methods such as fingerprint,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-17 Nafis Neehal , Dewan Ziaul Karim , Sejuti Banik , Tasfia Anika

With the rise of sophisticated authentication bypass techniques, passwords are no longer considered a reliable method for securing authentication systems. In recent years, new authentication technologies have shifted from traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Lien Tran , Boyuan Zhang , Ratchanon Pawanja , Rashid Hussain Khokhar

Password authentication is a weak point for security as passwords are easily stolen and a user may ignore the security by using a simple password. Therefore, services increasingly demand a second factor. While this may enhance security, it…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Anastasia Dimaratos , Daniela Pöhn

The proliferation of sensitive information being stored online highlights the pressing need for secure and efficient user authentication methods. To address this issue, this paper presents a novel zero-effort two-factor authentication (2FA)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Ali Abdullah S. AlQahtani , Thamraa Alshayeb

This paper presents a dual-factor authentication protocol and its low-power implementation for security of implantable medical devices (IMDs). The protocol incorporates traditional cryptographic first-factor authentication using Datagram…

In recent years, physiological signal based authentication has shown great promises,for its inherent robustness against forgery. Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, being the most widely studied biosignal, has also received the highest level of…

Passwords have been long used as the primary authentication method for web services. Weak passwords used by the users have prompted the use of password management tools and two-factor authentication to ensure better account security. While…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Pratyush Choudhary , Subhrajit Das , Mukul Paras Potta , Prasuj Das , Abhishek Bichhawat

We present True2F, a system for second-factor authentication that provides the benefits of conventional authentication tokens in the face of phishing and software compromise, while also providing strong protection against token faults and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Emma Dauterman , Henry Corrigan-Gibbs , David Mazières , Dan Boneh , Dominic Rizzo

In low-resource computing contexts, such as smartphones and other tiny devices, Both deep learning and machine learning are being used in a lot of identification systems. as authentication techniques. The transparent, contactless, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Pangoth Santhosh Kumar , Garika Akshay

To be practical for real-life applications, models for brain-computer interfaces must be easily and quickly deployable on new subjects, effective on affordable scanning hardware, and small enough to run locally on accessible computing…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-12 Reese Kneeland , Wangshu Jiang , Ugo Bruzadin Nunes , Paul Steven Scotti , Arnaud Delorme , Jonathan Xu

Authentication forms the gateway to any secure system. Together with integrity, confidentiality and authorization it helps in preventing any sort of intrusions into the system. Up until a few years back password based authentication was the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-10-28 Udit Gupta

The traditional two-factor authentication (2FA) methods primarily rely on the user manually entering a code or token during the authentication process. This can be burdensome and time-consuming, particularly for users who must be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Ali Abdullah S. AlQahtani , Thamraa Alshayeb , Mahmoud Nabil , Ahmad Patooghy

The unprecedented proliferation of smart devices together with novel communication, computing, and control technologies have paved the way for the Advanced Internet of Things~(A-IoT). This development involves new categories of capable…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Aleksandr Ometov , Vitaly Petrov , Sergey Bezzateev , Sergey Andreev , Yevgeni Koucheryavy , Mario Gerla

Biometric authentication prospered because of its convenient use and security. Early generations of biometric mechanisms suffer from spoofing attacks. Recently, unobservable physiological signals (e.g., Electroencephalogram,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Lin Li , Chao Chen , Lei Pan , Leo Yu Zhang , Zhifeng Wang , Jun Zhang , Yang Xiang