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Inversion and time reversal are essential symmetries for the structure of Cooper pairs in superconductors. The loss of one or both leads to modifications to this structure and can change the properties of the superconducting phases in…

Superconductivity · Physics 2023-03-21 Mark H Fischer , Manfred Sigrist , Daniel F Agterberg , Youichi Yanase

Preparing general relativity for quantization in the Hamiltonian approach leads to the `problem of time,' rendering the world fundamentally timeless. One proposed solution is the `thermal time hypothesis,' which defines time in terms of…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2024-07-30 Eugene Y. S. Chua

We study by molecular dynamics the interplay between arrest and crystallization in hard spheres. For state points in the plane of volume fraction ($0.54 \leq phi \leq 0.63$) and polydispersity ($0 \leq s \leq 0.085$), we delineate states…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-21 E. Zaccarelli , C. Valeriani , E. Sanz , W. C. K. Poon , M. E. Cates , P. N. Pusey

Almost 25 years have passed since Shechtman discovered quasicrystals, and 15 years since the Commission on Aperiodic Crystals of the International Union of Crystallography put forth a provisional definition of the term crystal to mean ``any…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-11-10 Ron Lifshitz

Every classical Newtonian mechanical system can be equipped with a nonstandard Hamiltonian structure, in which the Hamiltonian is the square of the canonical Hamiltonian up to a constant shift, and the Poisson bracket is nonlinear. In such…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-09-03 Liu Zhao , Wei Xu , Pengfei Yu

A peculiar feature of quantum states is that they may embody so-called projective representations of symmetries rather than ordinary representations. Projective representations of space groups-the defining symmetry of crystals-remain…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-02-14 Z. Y. Chen , Zheng Zhang , Shengyuan A. Yang , Y. X. Zhao

The problem of the Nature of Time is twofold: whether or not time is a fundamental quantity of Nature, and how does clock time of metrology emerge in the experimental description of dynamics. This work strongly supports the fundamental…

Classical Physics · Physics 2013-11-05 Enrico Prati

The engineering of new states of matter through Floquet driving has revolutionized the field of condensed matter physics. This technique enables the creation of hybrid topological states and ordered phases that are absent in normal systems.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-05-18 Christopher Sims

In this work we discuss the existence of time-translation symmetry breaking in a kicked infinite-range-interacting clean spin system described by the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model. This Floquet time crystal is robust under perturbations of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-07-04 Angelo Russomanno , Fernando Iemini , Marcello Dalmonte , Rosario Fazio

Discrete time-crystals are periodically driven quantum many-body systems with broken discrete-time translational symmetry, a non-equilibrium steady state representing self-organization of motion of quantum particles. Observations of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-06-28 Subhajit Sarkar , Yonatan Dubi

A spacetime crystal is a phase of matter that spontaneously develops periodic order in both space and time. Spacetime crystals have been experimentally observed in microscopic quantum many-body systems and, very recently, in a mesoscopic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-11 Guoqing Liu , Jimin Bai , Matteo Baggioli , Jie Zhang

We propose that cosmological time is {\it effectively} the conjugate of the constants of nature. Different definitions of time arise, with the most relevant related to the constant controlling the dynamics in each epoch. The Hamiltonian…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-30 Joao Magueijo

In crystallography, a structure is typically represented by the arrangement of atoms in the direct space. Furthermore, space group symmetry and Wyckoff site notations are applied to characterize crystal structures with only a few variables.…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-12 Osman Goni Ridwan , Hongfei Xue , Youxing Chen , Harish Cherukuri , Qiang Zhu

We study the stroboscopic non-equilibrium quantum dynamics of periodically kicked Hamiltonians involving homogeneous central-spin interactions. The system exhibits a strong fragmentation of Hilbert space into four-dimensional Floquet-Krylov…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-18 Abhishek Kumar , Rafail Frantzeskakis , Edwin Barnes

The skyrmion crystal is a periodic array of a swirling topological spin texture. Since it is regarded as an interference pattern by multiple helical spin density waves, the texture changes with the relative phases among the constituent…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-12-15 Satoru Hayami , Tsuyoshi Okubo , Yukitoshi Motome

A discrete time crystal (DTC) is the paradigmatic example of a phase of matter that occurs exclusively in systems out of equilibrium. This phenomenon is characterized by the spontaneous symmetry breaking of discrete time-translation and…

We explore the phase transitions at the onset of time-crystalline order in $O(N)$ models driven out-of-equilibrium. The spontaneous breaking of time translation symmetry and its Goldstone mode are captured by an effective description with…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-05-06 Romain Daviet , Carl Philipp Zelle , Achim Rosch , Sebastian Diehl

It is argued that the prevailing definition of quasicrystals, requiring them to contain an axis of symmetry that is forbidden in periodic crystals, is inadequate. This definition is too restrictive in that it excludes an important and…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-11-10 Ron Lifshitz

Recently, a thermodynamic definition of time has been introduced. This definition is useful to find approach some open problems in physics. But, it was obtained by a phenomenological approach and a logical inconsistency appears in the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-11-14 Umberto Lucia

A new class of self-similar ordered structures with non-crystallographic point symmetries is presented. Each of these structures, named superquasicrystals, is given as a section of a higher-dimensional "crystal" with recursive superlattice…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 Komajiro Niizeki , Nobuhisa Fujita