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Let $f$ be a proper $k$-coloring of a connected graph $G$ and $\Pi=(V_1,V_2,\ldots,V_k)$ be an ordered partition of $V(G)$ into the resulting color classes. For a vertex $v$ of $G$, the color code of $v$ with respect to $\Pi$ is defined to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-08-27 Ali Behtoei , Mahdi Anbarloei

For given integers $k$ and $r$, the Folkman number $f(k;r)$ is the smallest number of vertices in a graph $G$ which contains no clique on $k+1$ vertices, yet for every partition of its edges into $r$ parts, some part contains a clique of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-01 Vojtěch Rödl , Andrzej Ruciński , Mathias Schacht

The chromatic number $\chi(G)$ of a graph $G$, that is, the smallest number of colors required to color the vertices of $G$ so that no two adjacent vertices are assigned the same color, is a classic and extensively studied parameter. Here…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-23 Anders Martinsson , Konstantinos Panagiotou , Pascal Su , Miloš Trujić

Let $r$ be a positive integer and $G$ be a graph. The list $r$-hued chromatic number of $G$, denoted by $\chi_{L,r}(G)$, is the smallest integer $k$, such that for each $k$-list $L$ of $G$, $G$ has an $(L,r)$-coloring. It is proved in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Yu Miao , Fengxia Liu

In the vertex colouring game on a graph $G$, Maker and Breaker alternately colour vertices of $G$ from a palette of $k$ colours, with no two adjacent vertices allowed the same colour. Maker seeks to colour the whole graph while Breaker…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-11 Lawrence Hollom

Given a graph $G$ and a nondecreasing sequence $S=(s_1,\ldots,s_k)$ of positive integers, the mapping $c:V(G)\longrightarrow \{1,\ldots,k\}$ is called an $S$-packing coloring of $G$ if for any two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-14 Boštjan Brešar , Nicolas Gastineau , Olivier Togni

Given two graphs $F$ and $G$, an $F$-WORM coloring of $G$ is an assignment of colors to its vertices in such a way that no $F$-subgraph of $G$ is monochromatic or rainbow. If $G$ has at least one such coloring, then it is called $F$-WORM…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-03 Csilla Bujtás , Zsolt Tuza

A {\em balanced coloring} of a graph $G$ means a triple $\{P_1,P_2,X\}$ of mutually disjoint subsets of the vertex-set $V(G)$ such that $V(G)=P_1 \uplus P_2 \uplus X$ and $|P_1|=|P_2|$. A {\em balanced decomposition} associated with the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-21 Tadashi Sakuma

For an integer $r>0$, a conditional $(k,r)$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper $k$-coloring of the vertices of $G$ such that every vertex $v$ of degree $d(v)$ in $G$ is adjacent to vertices with at least $min\{r, d(v)\}$ different colors.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-11-20 Xueliang Li , Xiangmei Yao , Wenli Zhou

Given d \in (0,infty) let k_d be the smallest integer k such that d < 2k\log k. We prove that the chromatic number of a random graph G(n,d/n) is either k_d or k_d+1 almost surely.

Probability · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Dimitris Achlioptas , Assaf Naor

Ohba has conjectured \cite{ohb} that if the graph $G$ has $2\chi(G)+1$ or fewer vertices then the list chromatic number and chromatic number of $G$ are equal. In this paper we prove that this conjecture is asymptotically correct. More…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Bruce Reed , Benny Sudakov

The conflict-free chromatic index of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of colours in an edge colouring of $G$ such that the neighbourhood of every edge contains a colour appearing exactly once. Its vertex analogue is the conflict-free…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-27 Mateusz Kamyczura , Jakub Przybyło

We investigate some coloring properties of Kneser graphs. A star-free coloring is a proper coloring $c:V(G)\to \Bbb{N}$ such that no path with three vertices may be colored with just two consecutive numbers. The minimum positive integer $t$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-01-06 Hossein Hajiabolhassan

We prove that, for every graph $F$ with at least one edge, there is a constant $c_F$ such that there are graphs of arbitrarily large chromatic number and the same clique number as $F$ in which every $F$-free induced subgraph has chromatic…

An edge labeling of a connected graph $G = (V, E)$ is said to be local antimagic if it is a bijection $f:E \to\{1,\ldots ,|E|\}$ such that for any pair of adjacent vertices $x$ and $y$, $f^+(x)\not= f^+(y)$, where the induced vertex label…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-16 Gee-Choon Lau , Wai-Chee Shiu , Ho-Kuen Ng

An edge labeling of a connected graph $G = (V, E)$ is said to be local antimagic if it is a bijection $f:E \to\{1,\ldots ,|E|\}$ such that for any pair of adjacent vertices $x$ and $y$, $f^+(x)\not= f^+(y)$, where the induced vertex label…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-11 Gee-Choon Lau , Ho-Kuen Ng , Wai-Chee Shiu

An acyclic edge coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper edge coloring such that no bichromatic cycles are produced. The acyclic chromatic index $a'(G)$ of $G$ is the smallest integer $k$ such that $G$ has an acyclic edge coloring using $k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-01 Weifan Wang , Qiaojun Shu , Yiqiao Wang

The distinguishing chromatic number, $\chi_D(G)$, of a graph $G$ is the smallest number of colors in a proper coloring, $\varphi$, of $G$, such that the only automorphism of $G$ that preserves all colors of $\varphi$ is the identity map.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-18 Daniel W. Cranston

A sequence $S$ is called anagram-free if it contains no consecutive symbols $r_1 r_2\dots r_k r_{k+1} \dots r_{2k}$ such that $r_{k+1} \dots r_{2k}$ is a permutation of the block $r_1 r_2\dots r_k$. Answering a question of Erd\H{o}s and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-30 Nina Kamčev , Tomasz Łuczak , Benny Sudakov

A decomposition of a non-empty simple graph $G$ is a pair $[G,P]$, such that $P$ is a set of non-empty induced subgraphs of $G$, and every edge of $G$ belongs to exactly one subgraph in $P$. The chromatic index $\chi'([G,P])$ of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-29 Clemens Huemer , Dolores Lara , Christian Rubio-Montiel
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