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Today's quantum computers are primarily accessible through the cloud and potentially shifting to the edge network in the future. With the rapid advancement and proliferation of quantum computing research worldwide, there has been a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-09 Hoa T. Nguyen , Muhammad Usman , Rajkumar Buyya

Neutral atom Quantum Processing Units (QPUs) are emerging as a popular quantum computing technology due to their large qubit counts and flexible connectivity. However, performance challenges arise as large circuits experience significant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Francisco Romão , Daniel Vonk , Emmanuil Giortamis , Dennis Sprokholt , Pramod Bhatotia

In this paper, we introduce a new quantum circuit synthesis (QCS) framework, Qsyn, for developers to research, develop, test, experiment, and then contribute their QCS algorithms and tools to the framework. Our framework is more…

Quantum entanglement is so fundamentally different from a network packet that several quantum network stacks have been proposed; one of which has even been experimentally demonstrated. Several simulators have also been developed to make up…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Wojciech Kozlowski , Fernando A. Kuipers , Rob Smets , Belma Turkovic

Quantum computing is currently moving from an academic idea to a practical reality. Quantum computing in the cloud is already available and allows users from all over the world to develop and execute real quantum algorithms. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-03 Carmen G. Almudever , Lingling Lao , Robert Wille , Gian Giacomo Guerreschi

In this work, we describe the design and architecture of the open-source Quantum Engine Compiler (qe-compiler) currently used in production for IBM Quantum systems. The qe-compiler is built using LLVM's Multi-Level Intermediate…

This document describes a quantum assembly language (QASM) called OpenQASM that is used to implement experiments with low depth quantum circuits. OpenQASM represents universal physical circuits over the CNOT plus SU(2) basis with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-17 Andrew W. Cross , Lev S. Bishop , John A. Smolin , Jay M. Gambetta

In this paper, we present the Quantum Information Software Developer Kit - Qiskit, for teaching quantum computing to undergraduate students, with basic knowledge of quantum mechanics postulates. We focus on presenting the construction of…

We describe Qiskit, a software development kit for quantum information science. We discuss the key design decisions that have shaped its development, and examine the software architecture and its core components. We demonstrate an…

We present a language extension for parallel quantum programming to (1) remove ambiguities concerning parallelism in current quantum programming languages and (2) facilitate space-time tradeoff investigations in quantum computing. While the…

Quantum computing (QC) is anticipated to provide a speedup over classical HPC approaches for specific problems in optimization, simulation, and machine learning. With the advances in quantum computing toward practical applications, the need…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-26 Jernej Rudi Finžgar , Philipp Ross , Leonhard Hölscher , Johannes Klepsch , Andre Luckow

Quantum computing is a growing field that promises many real-world applications such as quantum cryptography or quantum finance. The number of people able to use quantum computing is however still very small. This limitation comes from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Yaiza Aragonés-Soria , Manuel Oriol

Quantum computing has made substantial progress in recent years; however, its scalability remains constrained on a monolithic quantum processing unit (QPU). Distributed quantum computing (DQC) offers a pathway by coordinating multiple QPUs…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Sen Zhang , Lingjun Xiong , Yipie Liu , Brian L. Mark , Lei Yang , Zebo Yang , Weiwen Jiang

Quantum computing is being increasingly adopted for solving classically intractable problems across various domains. However, the availability of accessible and scalable software frameworks remains essential for practical experimentation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-19 Param Pathak , K Tarakeshwar , Syed Sufiyan Ali , Shalini Devendrababu , Adarsh Ganesan

Variational quantum algorithms exploit the features of superposition and entanglement to optimize a cost function efficiently by manipulating the quantum states. They are suitable for noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-29 Yunya Liu , Jiakun Liu , Jordan R. Raney , Pai Wang

With the birth of Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices and the verification of "quantum supremacy" in random number sampling and boson sampling, more and more fields hope to use quantum computers to solve specific problems, such…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Menghan Dou , Tianrui Zou , Yuan Fang , Jing Wang , Dongyi Zhao , Lei Yu , Boying Chen , Wenbo Guo , Ye Li , Zhaoyun Chen , Guoping Guo

We introduce QCLAB, an object-oriented MATLAB toolbox for constructing, representing, and simulating quantum circuits. Designed with an emphasis on numerical stability, efficiency, and performance, QCLAB provides a reliable platform for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-06 Sophia Keip , Daan Camps , Roel Van Beeumen

Quilc is an open-source, optimizing compiler for gate-based quantum programs written in Quil or QASM, two popular quantum programming languages. The compiler was designed with attention toward NISQ-era quantum computers, specifically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-01 Robert S. Smith , Eric C. Peterson , Mark G. Skilbeck , Erik J. Davis

Quantum simulations are designed to model quantum systems, and many compilation frameworks have been developed for executing such simulations on quantum computers. Most compilers leverage the capabilities of digital and analog quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-26 Liyi Li , Federico Zahariev , Chandeepa Dissanayake , Jae Swanepoel , Amr Sabry , Mark S. Gordon

We present an open-source computer program written in Python language for quantum measurement and related issues. In our program, quantum states and operators, including quantum gates, can be developed into a quantum-object function…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-17 Le Bin Ho , Kieu Quang Tuan , Hung Q. Nguyen