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We study the dynamics of epidemic spreading processes aimed at spontaneous dissemination of information updates in populations with complex connectivity patterns. The influence of the topological structure of the network in these processes…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Yamir Moreno , Maziar Nekovee , Alessandro Vespignani

The vast majority of strategies aimed at controlling contagion processes on networks considers the connectivity pattern of the system as either quenched or annealed. However, in the real world many networks are highly dynamical and evolve…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-17 Suyu Liu , Nicola Perra , Marton Karsai , Alessandro Vespignani

Consider the causal effect that one individual's treatment may have on another individual's outcome when the outcome is contagious, with specific application to the effect of vaccination on an infectious disease outcome. The effect of one…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-03-06 Elizabeth L. Ogburn , Tyler J. VanderWeele

The science of networks has revolutionised research into the dynamics of interacting elements. It could be argued that epidemiology in particular has embraced the potential of network theory more than any other discipline. Here we review…

In the face of serious infectious diseases, governments endeavour to implement containment measures such as public vaccination at a macroscopic level. Meanwhile, individuals tend to protect themselves by avoiding contacts with infections at…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-10-20 Xiao-Long Peng , Xin-Jian Xu , Michael Small , Xinchu Fu , Zhen Jin

In this paper, we investigate two major immunization strategies, random immunization and targeted immunization, of the susceptible-infected (SI) Model on the Barab\'{a}si-Albert (BA) networks. For the heterogenous structure, the random…

Biological Physics · Physics 2011-11-09 Wen-Jie Bai , Tao Zhou , Bing-Hong Wang

Epidemic containment is a major concern when confronting large-scale infections in complex networks. Many works have been devoted to analytically understand how to restructure the network to minimize the impact of major outbreaks of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-12-27 Joan T. Matamalas , Alex Arenas , Sergio Gómez

Vaccination policies play a central role in public health interventions and models are often used to assess the effectiveness of these policies. Many vaccines are leaky, in which case the observed vaccine effectiveness depends on the force…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-04-21 Gray Manicom , Emily Harvey , Joshua Looker , David Wu , Oliver Maclaren , Dion O' Neale

It has been known that heterogeneous networks are vulnerable to the intentional removal of a small fraction of highly connected or loaded nodes, which implies that, to protect a network effectively, a few important nodes should be allocated…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2009-11-13 Xingang Wang , Shuguang Guan , Choy Heng Lai

Finding an optimal subset of nodes or links to disintegrate harmful networks is a fundamental problem in network science, with potential applications to anti-terrorism, epidemic control, and many other fields of study. The challenge of the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Zhigang Wang , Ye Deng , Petter Holme , Zengru Di , Linyuan Lv , Jun Wu

Background: Despite the consensus that vaccines play an important role in combating the global spread of infectious diseases, vaccine inequity is still rampant with deep-seated mentality of self-priority. This study aims to evaluate the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-16 Zhenyu Han , Qianyue Hao , Qiwei He , Katherine Budeski , Depeng Jin , Fengli Xu , Kun Tang

Real epidemic spreading networks often composed of several kinds of networks interconnected with each other, and the interrelated networks have the different topologies and epidemic dynamics. Moreover, most human diseases are derived from…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-06-21 Zhongpu Xu , Xinchu Fu

The recurrent infectious diseases and their increasing impact on the society has promoted the study of strategies to slow down the epidemic spreading. In this review we outline the applications of percolation theory to describe strategies…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-16 L. D. Valdez , C. Buono , P. A. Macri , L. A. Braunstein

Infectious disease modeling is used to forecast epidemics and assess the effectiveness of intervention strategies. Although the core assumption of mass-action models of homogeneously mixed population is often implausible, they are…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-08-29 Thien-Minh Le , Jukka-Pekka Onnela

A statistical model assuming a preferential attachment network, which is generated by adding nodes sequentially according to a few simple rules, usually describes real-life networks better than a model assuming, for example, a Bernoulli…

Computation · Statistics 2018-10-01 Clement Lee , Andrew Garbett , Darren J. Wilkinson

Network epidemiology's most important assumption is that the contact structure over which infectious diseases propagate can be represented as a static network. However, contacts are highly dynamic, changing at many time scales. In this…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-12 Petter Holme

Network immunization is an extensively recognized issue in several domains like virtual network security, public health and social media, to deal with the problem of node inoculation so as to minimize the transmission through the links…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-01-03 Chandni Saxena , M. N. Doja , Tanvir Ahmad

Disease awareness in infection dynamics can be modeled with adaptive contact networks whose rewiring rules reflect the attempt by susceptibles to avoid infectious contacts. Simulations of this type of models show an active phase with…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2012-12-06 Stefan Wieland , Tomas Aquino , Ana Nunes

Understanding the network structure, and finding out the influential nodes is a challenging issue in the large networks. Identifying the most influential nodes in the network can be useful in many applications like immunization of nodes in…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-01-10 Naveen Gupta , Anurag Singh , Hocine Cherifi

We study the task of selecting $k$ nodes, in a social network of size $n$, to seed a diffusion with maximum expected spread size, under the independent cascade model with cascade probability $p$. Most of the previous work on this problem…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Dean Eckles , Hossein Esfandiari , Elchanan Mossel , M. Amin Rahimian