Related papers: The Proton Radius Problem and Point-Particle Effec…
Recent measurements of the proton radius using the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen are troublingly discrepant with values extracted from hydrogen spectroscopy and electron-proton scattering experiments. This discrepancy, which differs by more…
The sixth-order electron-loop vacuum-polarization contribution to the $2P_{1/2} - 2S_{1/2}$ Lamb shift of the muonic hydrogen ($\mu^{-} p^+$ bound state) has been evaluated numerically. Our result is 0.007608(1) meV. This eliminates the…
We propose a theoretical scenario to solve the proton radius puzzle which recently arises from the muonic hydrogen experiment. In this framework, 4 + n dimensional theory is incorporated with modified gravity. The extra gravitational…
We calculate the shift in the atomic energy levels induced by the presence of a scalar field which couples to matter and photons. We find that a combination of atomic measurements can be used to probe both these couplings independently. A…
We present calculations of nuclear structure effects to the Lamb shift in light muonic atoms. We adopt a modern ab-initio approach by combining state-of-the-art nuclear potentials with the hyperspherical harmonics method. Our calculations…
By enhancing electron position fluctuations, equilibrium electromagnetic radiation modifies the potential for an electron in a Hydrogen atom. This can have significant effects for weakly bound states and especially at finite temperature.…
We consider a bound system of charged particles moving in an external electromagnetic field, including leading relativistic corrections. The difference from the point particle with a magnetic moment comes from the presence of…
The correction to the hydrogen Lamb shift due to the proton electric and magnetic polarizabilities is expressed analytically through their static values, which are known from experiment. The numerical value of the correction to the hydrogen…
A slight anomaly in optical spectra of the hydrogen atom led Willis E. Lamb to the search for the proton size. As a result, he found the shift of the 2S1/2 level, the first experimental demonstration of quantum electrodynamics. In return, a…
Background: There is significant current interest in knowing the value of the proton radius and also its proper definition. Purpose: Combine the disparate literatures of hydrogen spectroscopy and diverse modern parton distributions to show…
The correction to the hydrogen Lamb shift due to the proton electric and magnetic polarizabilities is expressed analytically through their static values, which are known from experiment. The numerical value of the correction is $ - 71 \pm…
A bound-state field theory approach to muonic hydrogen is set up using a variant of the Furry representation in which the lowest-order Hamiltonian describes a muon in the presence of a point Coulomb field, but the origin of the binding…
Static properties of hadrons such as their radii and other moments of the electric and magnetic distributions can only be extracted using theoretical methods and not directly measured from experiments. As a result, discrepancies between the…
Laser spectroscopy of the Lamb shift (2S-2P energy difference) in light muonic atoms or ions, in which one negative muon $\mu^-$ is bound to a nucleus, has been performed. The measurements yield significantly improved values of the…
We present a dispersion theoretical analysis of the experimental data on the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon covering both the space- and time-like regions. The nucleon form factors over the full range of momentum transfers and…
We review determinations of the electric proton charge radius from a diverse set of low-energy observables. We explore under which conditions it can be related to Wilson coefficients of appropriate effective field theories. This discussion…
Nucleons (protons and neutrons) are the building blocks of atomic nuclei, and are responsible for more than 99\% of the visible matter in the universe. Despite decades of efforts in studying its internal structure, there are still a number…
The uncertainty in the contribution to the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen, $\Delta E^{subt}$ arising from proton polarizability effects in the two-photon exchange diagram at large virtual photon momenta is shown large enough to account for…
It is generally accepted that the dynamics of relativistic particles in the lab frame can be described by taking into account the relativistic dependence of the particles momenta on the velocity, with no reference to Lorentz…
The measurement of the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen and the subsequent emergence of the proton-radius puzzle have motivated an experimental campaign devoted to measuring the Lamb shift in other light muonic atoms, such as muonic deuterium…