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X-ray imaging is the most popular medical imaging technology. While x-ray radiography is rather cost-effective, tissue structures are superimposed along the x-ray paths. On the other hand, computed tomography (CT) reconstructs internal…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-12-01 Chuang Niu , Ge Wang

X-ray imaging is the most widely used medical imaging modality. However, in the common practice, inconsistency in the initial presentation of X-ray images is a common complaint by radiologists. Different patient positions, patient habitus…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-22 Hongxu Yang , Najib Akram Aboobacker , Xiaomeng Dong , German Gonzalez , Lehel Ferenczi , Gopal Avinash

Bones are always wrapped by soft tissues. As a result, bones in their X-ray images are obscured and become unclear. In this paper, we tackle this problem and propose a novel task to virtually decompose the soft tissue and bone by image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-30 Yuanhao Gong

X-ray imaging in DICOM format is the most commonly used imaging modality in clinical practice, resulting in vast, non-normalized databases. This leads to an obstacle in deploying AI solutions for analyzing medical images, which often…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-29 Hieu H. Pham , Dung V. Do , Ha Q. Nguyen

X-ray imaging allows for a non-invasive image of the internal structure of an object. The most common form of X-ray imaging, projectional radiography, is simply a projection or "shadow" of the object rather than a point-to-point image…

Optics · Physics 2020-10-15 Thomas A. Smith , Zhehui Wang , Yanhua Shih

Recent advances in deep learning have led to a promising performance in many medical image analysis tasks. As the most commonly performed radiological exam, chest radiographs are a particularly important modality for which a variety of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-08 Ecem Sogancioglu , Erdi Çallı , Bram van Ginneken , Kicky G. van Leeuwen , Keelin Murphy

Progress in high-resolution x-ray microtomography has provided us with a practical approach to determining three-dimensional (3D) structures of opaque samples at micrometer to submicrometer resolution. In this review, we give an…

Biological Physics · Physics 2016-09-09 Ryuta Mizutani , Yoshio Suzuki

We propose approaches based on deep learning to localize objects in images when only a small training dataset is available and the images have low quality. That applies to many problems in medical image processing, and in particular to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Aaron Pries , Peter J. Schreier , Artur Lamm , Stefan Pede , Jürgen Schmidt

The unprecedented X-ray flux density provided by modern X-ray sources offers new spatiotemporal possibilities for X-ray imaging of fast dynamic processes. Approaches to exploit such possibilities often result in either i) a limited number…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-07 Zisheng Yao , Yuhe Zhang , Zhe Hu , Robert Klöfkorn , Tobias Ritschel , Pablo Villanueva-Perez

X-ray imaging is indispensable in medical diagnostics, yet its use is tightly regulated due to potential health risks. To mitigate radiation exposure, recent research focuses on generating novel views from sparse inputs and reconstructing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Feiran Wang , Jiachen Tao , Junyi Wu , Haoxuan Wang , Bin Duan , Kai Wang , Zongxin Yang , Yan Yan

Deep learning has become the most widely used approach for cardiac image segmentation in recent years. In this paper, we provide a review of over 100 cardiac image segmentation papers using deep learning, which covers common imaging…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-10 Chen Chen , Chen Qin , Huaqi Qiu , Giacomo Tarroni , Jinming Duan , Wenjia Bai , Daniel Rueckert

Tomographic imaging reveals internal structures of 3D objects and is crucial for medical diagnoses. Visualizing the morphology and appearance of non-planar sparse anatomical structures that extend over multiple 2D slices in tomographic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Leonhard Rist , Pluvio Stephan , Noah Maul , Linda Vorberg , Hendrik Ditt , Michael Sühling , Andreas Maier , Bernhard Egger , Oliver Taubmann

The most recent advances in medical imaging that have transformed diagnosis, especially in the case of interpreting X-ray images, are actively involved in the healthcare sector. The advent of digital image processing technology and the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-21 Abhishek Swami , Snehal Farande , Atharv Patil , Atharva Parle , Vivekanand Mane , Prathamesh Thorat

Visual inspection of x-ray scattering images is a powerful technique for probing the physical structure of materials at the molecular scale. In this paper, we explore the use of deep learning to develop methods for automatically analyzing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-11 Boyu Wang , Kevin Yager , Dantong Yu , Minh Hoai

Although radiographs are the most frequently used worldwide due to their cost-effectiveness and widespread accessibility, the structural superposition along the x-ray paths often renders suspicious or concerning lung nodules difficult to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-25 Chuang Niu , Giridhar Dasegowda , Pingkun Yan , Mannudeep K. Kalra , Ge Wang

Deep learning is a branch of artificial intelligence where networks of simple interconnected units are used to extract patterns from data in order to solve complex problems. Deep learning algorithms have shown groundbreaking performance in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Maciej A. Mazurowski , Mateusz Buda , Ashirbani Saha , Mustafa R. Bashir

Medical imaging modalities have revolutionized health-care approaches by offering a better understanding of the human anatomy. Discovery of x-rays allowed the exploiting of the micro-scaled information of human anatomy. Computed tomography…

Medical Physics · Physics 2018-09-18 Sanam Assili

X-ray security screening is widely used to maintain aviation/transport security, and its significance poses a particular interest in automated screening systems. This paper aims to review computerised X-ray security imaging algorithms by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Samet Akcay , Toby Breckon

Medical imaging is an invaluable resource in medicine as it enables to peer inside the human body and provides scientists and physicians with a wealth of information indispensable for understanding, modelling, diagnosis, and treatment of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-25 Hanene Ben Yedder , Ben Cardoen , Ghassan Hamarneh

X-ray imaging technology has been used for decades in clinical tasks to reveal the internal condition of different organs, and in recent years, it has become more common in other areas such as industry, security, and geography. The recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Mehdi Rafiei , Jenni Raitoharju , Alexandros Iosifidis
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