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A major transition in the operation of electric power grids is the replacement of synchronous machines by distributed generation connected via power electronic converters. The accompanying "loss of rotational inertia" and the fluctuations…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-15 Bala Kameshwar Poolla , Saverio Bolognani , Florian Dorfler

In this paper, five virtual inertia control structures are implemented and tested on a variable speed hydropower (VSHP) plant. The results show that all five can deliver fast power reserves to maintain grid stability after disturbances…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-20 Tor Inge Reigstad , Kjetil Uhlen

A microgrid is a new concept that has changed the power systems dramatically. It is a combination of Distributed Generation Resources (DGR) like Biomass, PV systems, Wind energy, Fuel cell, Diesel Generator, and so on with different types…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-01 Khodakhast Nasirian , Hadi Taheri

Microgrids are increasingly recognized as a key technology for the integration of distributed energy resources into the power network, allowing local clusters of load and distributed energy resources to operate autonomously. However,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-22 Jeremy Watson , Yemi Ojo , Khaled Laib , Ioannis Lestas

The problem of primary control of high-voltage direct current transmission systems is addressed in this paper, which contains four main contributions. First, to propose a new nonlinear, more realistic, model for the system suitable for…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Daniele Zonetti , Romeo Ortega , Johannes Schiffer

In recent years, virtual oscillator control, particularly the Andronov-Hopf oscillator (AHO), has received widespread attention for controlling grid-forming (GFM) inverters due to their superior dynamic response. However, traditional AHO…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-10 Hamed Rezazadeh , Mohammad Monfared , Meghdad Fazeli , Saeed Golestan

Integrated with a high share of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs), microgrids face increasing complexity of frequency dynamics, especially after unintentional islanding from the maingrid. These IBRs, on the other hand, provide more control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-22 Zhongda Chu , Guoxuan Cui , Fei Teng

Voltage control in power distribution networks has been greatly challenged by the increasing penetration of volatile and intermittent devices. These devices can also provide limited reactive power resources that can be used to regulate the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-07-26 Hao Jan Liu , Wei Shi , Hao Zhu

Rotational inertia is stabilizing the frequency of electric power systems against small and large disturbances, but it is also the cause for oscillations between generators. As more and more conventional generators are replaced by renewable…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-05-10 Theodor Borsche , Florian Dörfler

This work provides a design method for achieving a specified level of stability for inverter-based interconnected distributed generation. The stability of parallel connected distributed energy resources determined from a linearized…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Mahmood Saadeh , Roy McCann

We present a method to design distributed generation and demand control schemes for primary frequency regulation in power networks that guarantee asymptotic stability and ensure fairness of allocation. We impose a passivity condition on net…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-02-10 Andreas Kasis , Eoin Devane , Ioannis Lestas

We consider frequency control of synchronous generator networks and study transient performance under both primary and secondary frequency control. We model random step changes in power loads and evaluate performance in terms of expected…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-09-27 Martin Andreasson , Emma Tegling , Henrik Sandberg , Karl H. Johansson

We propose a framework to engineer synthetic-inertia and droop-control parameters for distributed energy resources (DERs) so that the system frequency in a network composed of DERs and synchronous generators conforms to prescribed transient…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Swaroop S. Guggilam , Changhong Zhao , Emiliano Dall'Anese , Yu Christine Chen , Sairaj V. Dhople

Power grid frequency control is a demanding task requiring expensive idle power plants to adapt the supply to the fluctuating demand. An alternative approach is controlling the demand side in such a way that certain appliances modify their…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-08-09 E. B. Tchawou Tchuisseu , D. Gomila , D. Brunner , P. Colet

Hybrid systems combine both discrete and continuous state dynamics. Power electronic inverters are inherently hybrid systems: they are controlled via discrete-valued switching inputs which determine the evolution of the continuous-valued…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-02 Gabriel E. Colón-Reyes , Kaylene C. Stocking , Duncan S. Callaway , Claire J. Tomlin

Inverter-based distributed energy resources facilitate the advanced voltage control algorithms in the online setting with the flexibility in both active and reactive power injections. A key challenge is to continuously track the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-03 Peng Zhang , Baosen Zhang

This paper presents a distributed frequency control method for power grids with high penetration of inverter-connected resources under low and time-varying inertia due to renewable energy (RE). We provide a distributed virtual inertia (VI)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-20 Manasa Muralidharan , Jan Kleissl , Patricia Hidalgo-Gonzalez

As power systems become more and more interconnected, the inter-area oscillations has become a serious factor limiting large power transfer among different areas. Underdamped (Undamped) inter-area oscillations may cause system breakup and…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-01-10 Jianming Lian , Shaobu Wang , Ruisheng Diao , Zhenyu Huang

Distributed cooperative droop control consisting of the primary decentralized droop control and the {secondary} distributed correction control is studied in this paper, which aims to achieve an exact current sharing between generators,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-05-17 Ji Xiang , Yu Wang , Yanjun Li , Wei Wei

We prove that the popular grid-forming control, i.e., dispatchable virtual oscillator control (dVOC), also termed complex droop control, exhibits output-feedback passivity in its large-signal model, featuring an explicit and physically…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-05 Xiuqiang He , Florian Dörfler