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Since the introduction of the GRPO algorithm, reinforcement learning (RL) has attracted increasing attention for LLM post-training, yet training efficiency remains a critical challenge. In mainstream RL frameworks, inference and training…
Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are often built from geographically distributed components and often use programmable logic controllers for localized processes. Since verification of such systems is challenging because of both time…
Offline runtime verification involves the static analysis of executions of a system against a specification. For distributed systems, it is generally not possible to characterize executions in the form of global traces, given the absence of…
Symbolic execution is a software verification technique symbolically running programs and thereby checking for bugs. Ranged symbolic execution performs symbolic execution on program parts, so called path ranges, in parallel. Due to the…
We present a framework that takes a concurrent program composed of unsynchronized processes, along with a temporal specification of their global concurrent behaviour, and automatically generates a concurrent program with synchronization…
Real-time cyber-physical systems depend on deterministic task execution to guarantee safety and correctness. Unfortunately, this determinism can unintentionally expose timing information that enables adversaries to infer task execution…
The architecture of a system captures important design decisions for the system. Over time, changes in a system's implementation may lead to violations of specific design decisions. This problem is common in industry and known as…
Linearizability has become the de facto correctness specification for implementations of concurrent data structures. While formally verifying such implementations remains challenging, linearizability monitoring has emerged as a promising…
Benchmarking is crucial for testing and validating any system, even more so in real-time systems. Typical real-time applications adhere to well-understood abstractions: they exhibit a periodic behavior, operate on a well-defined working…
Given a program and a time deadline, does the program finish before the deadline when executed on a given platform? With the requirement to produce a test case when such a violation can occur, we refer to this problem as the worst-case…
Constraint Handling Rules (CHR) is a declarative rule-based formalism and language. Concurrency is inherent as rules can be applied to subsets of constraints in parallel. Parallel implementations of CHR, be it in software, be it in…
Verification of large and complicated concurrent programs is an important issue in the software world. Stateless model checking is an appropriate method for systematically and automatically testing of large programs, which has proved its…
In this paper, we focus on the problem of dynamically analysing concurrent software against high-level temporal specifications. Existing techniques for runtime monitoring against such specifications are primarily designed for sequential…
Runtime verification is the process of verifying critical behavioral properties in big complex systems, where formal verification is not possible due to state space explosion. There have been several attempts to design efficient algorithms…
Adaptivity in multi-function radar systems is rapidly increasing, especially when moving towards fully adaptive, cognitive radar systems. However, the large number of available system configurations makes the rigorous verification and…
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) consist of software interacting with the physical world, such as robots, vehicles, and industrial processes. CPS are frequently responsible for the safety of lives, property, or the environment, and so software…
We propose a flexible framework that can be easily customized to enforce a large variety of information flow properties. Our framework combines the ideas of secure multi-execution and map-reduce computations. The information flow property…
Regulatory compliance is an organization's adherence to laws, regulations, guidelines and specifications relevant to its business. Compliance officers responsible for maintaining adherence constantly struggle to keep up with the large…
There is an emerging trend in applying deep learning methods to control complex nonlinear systems. This paper considers enhancing the runtime safety of nonlinear systems controlled by neural networks in the presence of disturbance and…
Real-time systems applications usually consist of a set of concurrent activities with timing-related properties. Developing these applications requires programming paradigms that can effectively handle the specification of concurrent…