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Mobile malware has become one of the most critical security threats in the era of ubiquitous mobile computing. Despite the intensive efforts from security experts to counteract it, recent years have still witnessed a rapid growth of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Jiayi Hua , Kailong Wang , Meizhen Wang , Guangdong Bai , Xiapu Luo , Haoyu Wang

The popularity of dynamic malware analysis has grown significantly, as it enables analysts to observe the behavior of executing samples, thereby enhancing malware detection and classification decisions. With the continuous increase in new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Ran Liu , Charles Nicholas

The dramatic growth in smartphone malware shows that malicious program developers are shifting from traditional PC systems to smartphone devices. Therefore, security researchers are also moving towards proposing novel antimalware methods to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Sajad Homayoun , Ali Dehghantanha , Reza M. Parizi , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo

The rapidly evolving nature of Android apps poses a significant challenge to static batch machine learning algorithms employed in malware detection systems, as they quickly become obsolete. Despite this challenge, the existing literature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Molina-Coronado B. , Mori U. , Mendiburu A. , Miguel-Alonso J

Machine learning-based Android malware detectors often fail in real-world deployment due to domain shift, where models trained on one data source perform poorly on applications from another. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Md Rafid Islam

Sophisticated malware families exploit the openness of the Android platform to infiltrate IoT networks, enabling large-scale disruption, data exfiltration, and denial-of-service attacks. This systematic literature review (SLR) examines…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Shama Maganur , Yili Jiang , Jiaqi Huang , Fangtian Zhong

The NPM ecosystem has become a primary target for software supply chain attacks, yet existing detection tools are evaluated in isolation on incompatible datasets, making cross-tool comparison unreliable. We conduct a benchmark-driven…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Wenbo Guo , Zhongwen Chen , Zhengzi Xu , Chengwei Liu , Ming Kang , Shiwen Song , Chengyue Liu , Yijia Xu , Weisong Sun , Yang Liu

Smartphones with the platforms of applications are gaining extensive attention and popularity. The enormous use of different applications has paved the way to numerous security threats. The threats are in the form of attacks such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Misbah Shafi , Rakesh Kumar Jha , Sanjeev Jain

As mobile and smart connectivity continue to grow, malware presents a permanently evolving threat to different types of critical domains such as health, logistics, banking, and community segments. Different types of malware have dynamic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Ahmed Sabbah , Mohammed Kharma , Mustafa Jarrar

Malware are malicious programs that are grouped into families based on their penetration technique, source code, and other characteristics. Classifying malware programs into their respective families is essential for building effective…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Filippo Leveni , Matteo Mistura , Francesco Iubatti , Carmine Giangregorio , Nicolò Pastore , Cesare Alippi , Giacomo Boracchi

The rapid growth of mobile applications has escalated Android malware threats. Although there are numerous detection methods, they often struggle with evolving attacks, dataset biases, and limited explainability. Large Language Models…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Xingzhi Qian , Xinran Zheng , Yiling He , Shuo Yang , Lorenzo Cavallaro

While machine-learning algorithms have demonstrated a strong ability in detecting Android malware, they can be evaded by sparse evasion attacks crafted by injecting a small set of fake components, e.g., permissions and system calls, without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Marco Melis , Michele Scalas , Ambra Demontis , Davide Maiorca , Battista Biggio , Giorgio Giacinto , Fabio Roli

The rise in frequency and complexity of malware attacks are viewed as a major threat to modern digital infrastructure, which means that traditional signature-based detection methods are becoming less effective. As cyber threats continue to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Rakesh Keshava , Sathish Kuppan Pandurangan , M. Sakthivanitha , Sankaranainar Parmsivan , Goutham Sunkara , R. Maruthi

The rapid growth in both the scale and complexity of Android malware has driven the widespread adoption of machine learning (ML) techniques for scalable and accurate malware detection. Despite their effectiveness, these models remain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Tianwei Lan , Farid Naït-Abdesselam

Machine learning (ML)-based malware detection systems often fail to account for the dynamic nature of real-world training and test data distributions. In practice, these distributions evolve due to frequent changes in the Android ecosystem,…

Repackaging is a technique that has been increasingly adopted by authors of Android malware. The main problem facing the research community working on devising techniques to detect this breed of malware is the lack of ground truth that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Aleieldin Salem

The acceptance and widespread use of the Android operating system drew the attention of both legitimate developers and malware authors, which resulted in a significant number of benign and malicious applications available on various online…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Pinar G. Balikcioglu , Melih Sirlanci , Ozge A. Kucuk , Bulut Ulukapi , Ramazan K. Turkmen , Cengiz Acarturk

Accurate Android malware detection was critical for protecting users at scale. Signature scanners lagged behind fast release cycles on public app stores. We aimed to build a trustworthy detector by pairing a comprehensive dataset with a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Md Min-Ha-Zul Abedin , Tazqia Mehrub

Nowadays, Android is the most dominant operating system in the mobile ecosystem, with billions of people using its apps daily. As expected, this trend did not go unnoticed by miscreants, and Android became the favorite platform for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Peng Xu , Claudia Eckert , Apostolis Zarras

With the popularity of Android growing exponentially, the amount of malware has significantly exploded. It is arguably one of the most viral problems on mobile platforms. Recently, various approaches have been introduced to detect Android…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Peng Xu