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While Cram\'er-Rao lower bound is an important metric in sensing functions in integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) designs, its optimization usually involves a computationally expensive solution such as semidefinite relaxation. In…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Tianyu Fang , Nhan Thanh Nguyen , Markku Juntti

The localization of directional RF emitters presents significant challenges for electronic warfare applications. Traditional localization methods, designed for omnidirectional emitters, experience degraded performance when applied to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-30 Fraser Williams , Akila Pemasiri , Dhammika Jayalath , Terry Martin , Clinton Fookes

Advanced super-resolution imaging techniques require specific approaches for accurate and consistent estimation of the achievable spatial resolution. Fisher information supplied to Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) has proved to be a powerful and…

An ambiguity-free direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation scheme is proposed for sparse uniform linear arrays under low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and non-stationary broadband signals. First, for achieving better DOA estimation performance…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-06 Wei Wang , Shefeng Yan , Linlin Mao , Zeping Sui , Jirui Yang

Recently, several array radar structures combined with sub-Nyquist techniques and corresponding algorithms have been extensively studied. Carrier frequency and direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimations of multiple narrow-band signals received…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-10-29 Zhan Zhang , Ping Wei , Lijuan Deng , Huaguo Zhang

Context. The best precision that can be achieved to estimate the location of a stellar-like object is a topic of permanent interest in the astrometric community. Aims. We analyse bounds for the best position estimation of a stellar-like…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-26 Alex Echeverria , Jorge F. Silva , Rene A. Mendez , Marcos Orchard

Direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation with leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) offers a compact and cost-effective alternative to conventional antenna arrays but remains challenging in the presence of coherent sources. To address this issue, we…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-14 R. Maydani , Y. Wang , J. Sarrazin , B. Ma

Multiple antennas arrays play a key role in wireless networks for communications but also for localization and sensing applications. The use of large antenna arrays at high carrier frequencies (in the mmWave range) pushes towards a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-14 Antonio A. D'Amico , Andrea de Jesus Torres , Luca Sanguinetti , Moe Win

This paper investigates the asymptotic behavior of the deterministic and stochastic Cram\'er-Rao Bounds (CRB) for semi-blind channel estimation in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. We derive and analyze mathematically…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-15 Xue Zhang , Abla Kammoun , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

The estimation of direction of arrival (DOA) is a crucial issue in conventional radar, wireless communication, and integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems. However, low-cost systems often suffer from imperfect factors, such as…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-21 Peng Chen , Zhimin Chen , Liang Liu , Yun Chen , Xianbin Wang

Recently, frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radars with array antennas are gaining in popularity on a wide variety of commercial applications. A usual approach of the range and angle estimation of a target with an array FMCW radar…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-19 Junghoon Kim , Joohwan Chun , Sungchan Song

High hardware cost and high power consumption of massive multiple-input and multiple output (MIMO) are two challenges for the future wireless communications including beyond fifth generation (B5G) and sixth generation (6G). Adopting the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Baihua Shi , Lingling Zhu , Wenlong Cai , Nuo Chen , Tong Shen , Pengcheng Zhu , Feng Shu , Jiangzhou Wang

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) technology has recently attracted a significant interest in non-light-of-sight radar remote sensing. Prior works have largely focused on designing single IRS beamformers for this problem. For the first…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Zahra Esmaeilbeig , Arian Eamaz , Kumar Vijay Mishra , Mojtaba Soltanalian

In this paper, we derive a useful lower bound for the Kullback-Leibler divergence (KL-divergence) based on the Hammersley-Chapman-Robbins bound (HCRB). The HCRB states that the variance of an estimator is bounded from below by the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-05 Tomohiro Nishiyama

Pinching-antenna (PA) has recently attracted considerable research attention in wireless systems, realized by attaching small dielectric particles along a waveguide. Building upon which, the segmented waveguide-enabled pinching-antenna…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-02 Yue Geng , Tee Hiang Cheng , Kah Chan Teh , Zhiguo Ding

In this paper, we derive Hybrid, Bayesian and Marginalized Cram\'{e}r-Rao lower bounds (HCRB, BCRB and MCRB) for the single and multiple measurement vector Sparse Bayesian Learning (SBL) problem of estimating compressible vectors and their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-06-04 Ranjitha Prasad , Chandra R. Murthy

A global network of laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors is projected to be in operation by around the turn of the century. Here, the noisy output of a single instrument is examined. A gravitational wave is assumed to have…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 David Nicholson , Alberto Vecchio

This work introduces a method to select linear functional measurements of a vector-valued time series optimized for forecasting distant time-horizons. By formulating and solving the problem of sequential linear measurement design as an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Helmuth Naumer , Farzad Kamalabadi

This document provides detailed step-by-step derivations for the Cram\'er-Rao Bounds (CRB) for sensing parameters and the refined Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) expressions under imperfect Channel State Information (CSI) and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-04 Bruno Felipe Costa , Taufik Abrão

In this paper, the Cramer Rao bound (CRB) for range estimation between two underwater nodes is calculated under a Gaussian noise assumption on the measurements. The nodes can measure their depths, their mutual time of flight, and they have…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-30 Hamid Ramezani , Raj Thilak Rajan , Geert Leus