Related papers: Sloshing instability and electrolyte layer rupture…
The increasing deployment of renewable energies requires three fundamental changes to the electric grid: more transmission lines, a flexibilisation of the demand and grid scale energy storage. Liquid metal batteries (LMBs) are considered…
Magnetohydrodynamically induced interface instability in liquid metal batteries is analyzed. The batteries are represented by a simplified system in the form of a rectangular cell, in which strong vertical electric current flows through…
The rolling pad instability is caused by electromagnetic interactions in systems of horizontal layers with strongly different electric conductivities. We analyze the instability for a simplified model of a liquid metal battery (LMB), a…
Safe, all-solid-state lithium metal batteries enable high energy density applications, but suffer from instabilities during operation that lead to rough interfaces between the metal and electrolyte and subsequently cause void formation and…
We investigate the interfacial wave coupling dynamics in liquid metal batteries and their effects to the battery's operation safety. Similar to aluminum reduction cells, liquid metal batteries can be highly susceptible to…
A mechanical analogy is used to analyze the interaction between the magnetic field, electric current and deformation of interfaces in liquid metal batteries. It is found that, during charging or discharging, a sufficiently large battery is…
Rechargeable lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with an ultrahigh theoretical energy density have attracted more and more attentions for their crucial applications of portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and smart grids. However, the…
Liquid metal batteries are possible candidates for large scale energy storage offering a possible breakthrough of intermittent wind and solar energy exploitations. The major concern over their practical implementation is the operation at…
A rechargeable lithium metal battery (LMB), which uses metallic lithium at the anode, is among the most promising technologies for next generation electrochemical energy storage devices due to its high energy density, particularly when Li…
Liquid Metal Batteries (LMBs) are a promising concept for cheap electrical energy storage at grid level. These are built as a stable density stratification of three liquid layers, with two liquid metals separated by a molten salt. In order…
Liquid metal batteries (LMBs) were recently proposed as cheap large scale energy storage. Such devices are urgently required for balancing highly fluctuating renewable energy sources. During discharge, intermetallic phases tend to form in…
Liquid metal batteries (LMBs) are a promising alternative for large-scale stationary energy storage for renewable applications. Using high-abundance electrode materials such as Sodium and Zinc is highly desirable due to their low cost and…
Lithium metal batteries (LMBs), when coupled with a localized high-concentration electrolyte and a high-voltage nickel-rich cathode, offer a solution to the increasing demand for high energy density and long cycle life. However, the…
Fluid flows in liquid metal batteries can be generated by a number of effects. We start with a short overview of different driving mechanisms and then address questions specific to the metal pad role instabilities in three-layer systems. We…
The aim of this paper is to develop a stability theory and a numerical model for the three density-stratified electrically conductive liquid layers. Using regular perturbation methods to reduce the full 3d problem to the shallow layer…
The design and performance of liquid metal batteries, a new technology for grid-scale energy storage, depend on fluid mechanics because the battery electrodes and electrolytes are entirely liquid. Here we review prior and current research…
We present a new theoretical model for the analytical prediction of the metal pad roll instability in idealised aluminium reduction cells consisting of two stably stratified liquid layers, which carry a vertical electric current and are…
Liquid Metal Batteries (LMBs) are a promising grid-scale energy storage technology that offer low costs per kilowatt-hour, high energy and current densities, as well as low fade rates. The all-liquid composition of the batteries, as well as…
Liquid metal batteries (LMBs) are a promising grid-scale storage device however, the scalability of this technology and its electrochemical performance is limited by mass transport overpotentials. In this work, a numerical model of a…
Future lithium-based batteries are expected to use solid electrolytes to achieve higher energy density and fast charge capabilities. The majority of solid electrolytes are thermodynamically unstable against layered oxide cathodes. Here, the…