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In `A survey of two-graphs' \cite{Sei}, J.J. Seidel lays out the connections between simple graphs, two-graphs, equiangular lines and strongly regular graph. It is well known that there is a one-to-one correspondence between regular…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-16 Thomas Hoffman , James Solazzo

A set of lines through the origin is called equiangular if every pair of lines defines the same angle, and the maximum size of an equiangular set of lines in $\mathbb{R}^n$ was studied extensively for the last 70 years. In this paper, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-24 Igor Balla , Benny Sudakov

Seidel switching is a classical operation on graphs which plays a central role in the theory of two-graphs, signed graphs, and switching classes. In this paper we focus on those switches which leave a given graph invariant up to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-09 Severino V. Gervacio

We introduce a new class of surfaces in Euclidean $3$-space, called surfaces of osculating circles, using the concept of osculating circle of a regular curve. These surfaces contain a uniparametric family of planar lines of curvature. In…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-12-08 Rafael López , Cetin Camci , Ali Ucum , Kazim Ilarslan

The standard notion of the Laplacian of a graph is generalized to the setting of a graph with the extra structure of a ``transmission`` system. A transmission system is a mathematical representation of a means of transmitting…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-12-22 Sylvain E. Cappell , Edward Y. Miller

Maximum size of equiangular lines in $\mathbb{R}^{19}$ has been known in the range between 72 to 76 since 1973. Acoording to the nonexistence of strongly regular graph $(75,32,10,16)$ \cite{aza15}, Larmen-Rogers-Seidel Theorem \cite{lar77}…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2016-08-19 Wei-Hsuan Yu

For given $\Delta>0$ and $0<\lambda<3/\sqrt{2}$, we show that the maximum multiplicity that $\lambda$ can appear as the second largest eigenvalue of a connected graph with maximum degree at most $\Delta$ is $O_{\Delta,\lambda}(1)$. This…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-15 Chuanyuan Ge , Shiping Liu

An equilevel algebra is a subalgebra of the space of smooth functions $f: M \to {\mathbb R}$ distinguished in this space by finitely many linear conditions of the type $f(x_i) = f(\tilde x_i)$, $x_i \neq \tilde x_i \in M$, or approximated…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-06-03 V. A. Vassiliev

We provide a complete classification of possible configurations of mutually pairwise touching infinite cylinders in Euclidian 3D space. It turns out that there is a maximum number of such cylinders possible in 3D independently on the shape…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2016-05-18 Peter V. Pikhitsa , Stanislaw Pikhitsa

In this draft paper, we introduce a novel architecture for graph networks which is equivariant to the Euclidean group in $n$-dimensions. The model is designed to work with graph networks in their general form and can be shown to include…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Emma Slade , Francesco Farina

The intention of the paper is to move a step towards a classification of network topologies that exhibit periodic quantum dynamics. We show that the evolution of a quantum system, whose hamiltonian is identical to the adjacency matrix of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Nitin Saxena , Simone Severini , Igor Shparlinski

We give a hierarchy of $k$-point bounds extending the Delsarte-Goethals-Seidel linear programming $2$-point bound and the Bachoc-Vallentin semidefinite programming $3$-point bound for spherical codes. An optimized implementation of this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-30 David de Laat , Fabrício Caluza Machado , Fernando Mário de Oliveira Filho , Frank Vallentin

We use the line digraph construction to associate an orthogonal matrix with each graph. From this orthogonal matrix, we derive two further matrices. The spectrum of each of these three matrices is considered as a graph invariant. For the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 David Emms , Edwin R. Hancock , Simone Severini , Richard C. Wilson

The main result of this paper is Theorem. For every integer $d\geqslant 2$ the set of biLipschitz classes in $\mathbb{E}^d$ has cardinality continuum.

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2010-08-04 Magazinov Alexander

We consider nonregular graphs having precisely three distinct eigenvalues. The focus is mainly on the case of graphs having two distinct valencies and our results include constructions of new examples, structure theorems, valency…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-03 Xi-Ming Cheng , Alexander L. Gavrilyuk , Gary R. W. Greaves , Jack H. Koolen

In this paper, we give a new proof of the Lemmens-Seidel conjecture on the maximum number of equiangular lines with a common angle $\arccos(1/5)$. This conjecture was previously resolved by Cao, Koolen, Lin, and Yu in 2022 through an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-06 Chuanyuan Ge , Shiping Liu

The maximal graph Dirichlet problem asks whether there exists a spacelike graph, in a semi-Euclidean space, with a given boundary and with mean curvature everywhere zero. We prove the existence of solutions to this problem under certain…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2011-12-20 Benjamin Stuart Thorpe

Over forty years ago, Goethals and Seidel showed that if the adjacency algebra of a strongly regular graph $X$ contains a Hadamard matrix then $X$ is either of Latin square type or of negative Latin square type. We extend their result to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-04 Ada Chan

We compute the weighted Euler characteristic, equivariant with respect to the action of the symplectic group of degree six over the field of two elements, of the moduli space of principally polarized abelian threefolds together with a level…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-04-26 Jonas Bergström , Olof Bergvall

We characterise graphs that have three distinct eigenvalues and coherent ranks 8 and 9, linking the former to certain symmetric 2-designs and the latter to specific quasi-symmetric 2-designs. This characterisation leads to the discovery of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-26 Gary Greaves , Jose Yip