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We provide direct elementary proofs of several explicit expressions for Bernoulli numbers and Bernoulli polynomials. As a byproduct of our method of proof, we provide natural definitions for generalized Bernoulli numbers and polynomials of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-05-04 Lazhar Fekih-Ahmed

A sequence inverse relationship can be defined by a pair of infinite inverse matrices. If the pair of matrices are the same, they define a dual relationship. Here presented is a unified approach to construct dual relationships via…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-14 Tian-Xiao He , Jinze Zheng

In the present paper, we deal mainly with arithmetic properties of Legendre polynomials by using their orthogonality property. We show that Legendre polynomials are proportional with Bernoulli, Euler, Hermite and Bernstein polynomials.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-04 Serkan Araci , Mehmet Acikgoz , Armen Bagdasaryan , Erdogan Sen

In 1963, Rapha\"el Salem concluded his highly influential book ``Algebraic Numbers and Fourier Analysis'' with a list of four unsolved problems. The first two problems remain wide open while the last problem on the absolute continuity of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Khoa D. Nguyen

We introduce poly-Bernoulli polynomials in two variables by using a generalization of Stirling numbers of the second kind that we studied in a previous work. We prove the bi-variate poly-Bernoulli polynomial version of some known results on…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Claudio Pita-Ruiz

This is a collection of definitions, notations and proofs for the Bernoulli numbers $B_n$ appearing in formulas for the sum of integer powers, some of which can be found scattered in the large related historical literature in French,…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2019-01-15 Jacques Gélinas

We identify a family of numbers for which the Bernoulli convolution is singular. Within this family we find two countable collections of Salem numbers in the interval $(1,2)$, and another Salem number and an algebraic integer that is…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-08-22 Karma Dajani , Charlene Kalle

We continue our study on relationships between Bernoulli polynomials and balancing (Lucas-balancing) polynomials. From these polynomial relations, we deduce new combinatorial identities with Fibonacci (Lucas) and Bernoulli numbers.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-30 Robert Frontczak , Taras Goy

We present a certain generalization of a recent result of M. I. Cirnu on linear recurrence relations with coefficient in progressions [2]. We provide some interesting examples related to some well-known integer sequences, such as Fibonacci…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-19 Jerico B. Bacani , Julius Fergy T. Rabago

In this paper, we give some interesting and new identities of q-Bernoulli numbers which are derived from convolutions on the ring of p-adic integers.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-07-02 J. J. Seo , T. Kim , S. H. Lee

In this paper, we consider the degenerate multi-poly-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials which are defined by means of the multiple polylogarithms and degenerate versions of the multi-poly-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials. We investigate…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-05-18 Taekyun Kim , Dae San Kim

In this article, we derive a congruence property of particular sum rules involving prime numbers. The resulting expression involves Bernoulli numbers and polynomials, for which we obtain, as a consequence, a general congruence relation as…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-02-10 Jean-Christophe Pain

In a recent work, Zielinski used Faulhaber's formula to explain why the odd Bernoulli numbers are equal to zero. Here, we assume that the odd Bernoulli numbers are equal to zero to explain Faulhaber's formula.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-04-12 José L. Cereceda

Poly-Bernoulli numbers are one of generalizations of the classical Bernoulli numbers. Since a negative index poly-Bernoulli number is an integer, it is an interesting problem to study this number from combinatorial viewpoint. In this short…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-30 Toshiki Matsusaka

This paper sets the groundwork for the consideration of families of recursively defined polynomials and rational functions capable of describing the Bernoulli numbers. These families of functions arise from various recursive definitions of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-12-31 Christina Taylor

We introduce a multivariate analogue of Bernoulli polynomials and give their fundamental properties: difference and differential relations, symmetry, explicit formula, inversion formula, multiplication theorem, and binomial type formula.…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2019-11-20 Genki Shibukawa

We revisit in a probabilistic framework the umbral approach of Bernoulli, Euler and Carlitz Hermite polynomials by Gessel [1].

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-11-02 C. Vignat

The main object of this paper is to investigate a new class of the generalized Hurwitz type poly-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials from which we derive some algorithms for evaluating the Hurwitz type poly-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-05 Mohamed Amine Boutiche , Mohamed Mechacha , Mourad Rahmani

We derive several symmetric identities for Bernoulli and Euler polynomials which imply some known identities. Our proofs depend on the new technique developed in part I and some identities obtained in [European J. Combin. 24(2003),…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Zhi-Wei Sun , Hao Pan

We will use analytic function theory and Fourier analysis to establish a characterization for some classical umbral calculus, which will focus on the generalization of the evaluation function. Although we cannot cover all the umbral…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2021-03-17 Tang Qian