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Vector magnetometry is an essential tool in characterizing the distribution of currents and magnetization in a broad range of systems. Point defect sensors, like the nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond, have demonstrated impressive…
Image segmentation is a complex mathematical problem, especially for images that contain intensity inhomogeneity and tightly packed objects with missing boundaries in between. For instance, Magnetic Resonance (MR) muscle images often…
The EFAR project is a study of 736 candidate early-type galaxies in 84 clusters lying in two regions towards Hercules-Corona Borealis and Perseus-Cetus at distances $cz \approx 6000-15000$ km/s. In this paper we describe a new method of…
Purpose: We aims to examine the impact of different head tilt angles on the dose distribution in the whole-brain target area and organs at risk. It also aims to determine the head tilt angle to achieve optimal radiation therapy outcomes.…
Aims. We investigate the maximum astrometric precision that can be reached on moving targets observed with digital-sensor arrays, and provide an estimate for its ultimate lower limit based on the Cram\'er-Rao bound. Methods. We extend…
Astronomical seeing is quantified by a single parameter, turbulence integral, in the framework of the Kolmogorov turbulence model. This parameter can be routinely measured by a Differential Image Motion Monitor, DIMM. A new instrument,…
The power spectra of the fluctuation noise of the solar active region (AR) areas and magnetic fluxes sequentially observed in time contain information about their geometrical features and the related fundamental physical processes. These…
This study progresses solar flare prediction research by presenting a full-disk deep-learning model to forecast $\geq$M-class solar flares and evaluating its efficacy on both central (within $\pm$70$^\circ$) and near-limb (beyond…
Disk-integrated observations of the Sun provide a unique vantage point to explore stellar activity and its effect on measured radial velocities. Here, we report a new approach for disk-integrated solar spectroscopy and evaluate its…
This study presents a comprehensive end-to-end simulation analysis of the optical imaging performance of the China Survey Space Telescope (CSST) under in-orbit conditions. An integrated system model incorporating five static and two dynamic…
Magnetic helicity is a key geometrical parameter to describe the structure and evolution of solar coronal magnetic fields. The accumulation of magnetic helicity is correlated with the non-potential magnetic field energy, which is released…
We present absolute trigonometric parallaxes and relative proper motions for three members of the Pleiades star cluster, obtained with HST's Fine Guidance Sensor 1r, a white-light interferometer. We estimate spectral types and luminosity…
Studying Doppler shifts provides deeper insights into the flow of mass and energy in the solar atmosphere. We perform a comprehensive measurement of Doppler shifts in the transition region and its center-to-limb variation (CLV) in the…
Visual anomaly detection aims to identify anomalous regions in images through unsupervised learning paradigms, with increasing application demand and value in fields such as industrial inspection and medical lesion detection. Despite…
Quantitative analysis of vessel wall structures by automated vessel wall segmentation provides useful imaging biomarkers in evaluating atherosclerotic lesions and plaque progression time-efficiently. To quantify vessel wall features,…
This paper presents a new method to obtain the deformation distribution on the main reflector of an antenna only by measuring the electric intensity on a spherical surface with the focal point as the center of the sphere, regardless of…
The Vector Spectromagnetograph (VSM) instrument on the Synoptic Optical Long-term Investigations of the Sun (SOLIS) telescope is designed to obtain high-quality magnetic field observations in both the photosphere and chromosphere by…
Near-future surveys promise a dramatic improvement in the number and precision of astrometric, photometric and spectroscopic measurements of stars in the Milky Way's disk. We examine the impact of such surveys on our understanding of the…
We present a method for subtracting point sources from interferometric radio images via forward modeling of the instrument response and involving an algebraic nonlinear minimization. The method is applied to simulated maps of the Murchison…
We present the first results of the SOAR (Southern Astrophysical Research) Gravitational Arc Survey (SOGRAS). The survey imaged 47 clusters in two redshift intervals centered at $z=0.27$ and $z=0.55$, targeting the richest clusters in each…