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One of the problems faced by a firm that sells certain commodities is to determine the number of products that it must supply in order to maximize its profit. In this article, the authors give an answer to this problem of economic interest.…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2016-05-10 Dragos-Patru Covei

We propose a model for a market which structure is of the tree form. Each branch of the tree is composed by identical firms, its root (the branch of the first level) is formed by the firms producing raw material, and the branches of the…

adap-org · Physics 2019-08-17 V. V. Gafiychuk , I. A. Lubashevsky , Yu. L. Klimontovich

We propose a dynamical theory of market liquidity that predicts that the average supply/demand profile is V-shaped and {\it vanishes} around the current price. This result is generic, and only relies on mild assumptions about the order flow…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2011-11-02 Bence Toth , Yves Lemperiere , Cyril Deremble , Joachim de Lataillade , Julien Kockelkoren , Jean-Philippe Bouchaud

We study a discrete-time financial market with a single constrained trader, competitive market makers, and noise traders. Within the class of linear equilibria, the equilibrium structure is shown to be uniquely determined by two state…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-08-15 Heeyoung Kwon , Jin Hyuk Choi

We study a financial model with a non-trivial price impact effect. In this model we consider the interaction of a large investor trading in an illiquid security, and a market maker who is quoting prices for this security. We assume that the…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2010-07-21 David German

We present a simple order book mechanism that regulates an artificial financial market with self-organized criticality dynamics and fat tails of returns distribution. The model shows the role played by individual imitation in determining…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2016-02-29 Alessio Emanuele Biondo , Alessandro Pluchino , Andrea Rapisarda

We study a continuous-time version of the intermediation model of Grossman and Miller (1988). To wit, we solve for the competitive equilibrium prices at which liquidity takers' demands are absorbed by dealers with quadratic inventory costs,…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2021-03-03 Peter Bank , Ibrahim Ekren , Johannes Muhle-Karbe

We propose a simple statistical-physics-inspired model for the effect of intrinsic fluctuations on supply and demand in markets. The model consists of agents that trade in two types of goods of which the total number is separately…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-01-13 J. R. Mulder , René van Roij , R. A. Duine

In this article we model chaotic dynamics in financial markets by treating the market price, and market makers' inventory, as anharmonic oscillators with a nonlinear coupling. The market makers' risk appetite being the key parameter that…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-05-18 Will Hicks

Hanson's market scoring rules allow us to design a prediction market that still gives useful information even if we have an illiquid market with a limited number of budget-constrained agents. Each agent can "move" the current price of a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-02-09 Lance Fortnow , Rahul Sami

In this work, we investigate the market-making problem on a trading session in which a continuous phase on a limit order book is followed by a closing auction. Whereas standard optimal market-making models typically rely on terminal…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-27 Julius Graf , Thibaut Mastrolia

We consider a one-period Kyle (1985) framework where the insider can be subject to a penalty if she trades. We establish existence and uniqueness of equilibrium for virtually any penalty function when noise is uniform. In equilibrium, the…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2018-09-21 Sylvain Carré , Pierre Collin-Dufresne , Franck Gabriel

In this paper, we develop a Markovian model that deals with the volume offered at the best quote of an electronic order book. The volume of the first limit is a stochastic process whose paths are periodically interrupted and reset to a new…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2019-07-15 Ioane Muni Toke

Despite the fact that an intraday market price distribution is not normal, the random walk model of price behaviour is as important for the understanding of basic principles of the market as the pendulum model is a starting point of many…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2019-08-14 Oleh Danyliv , Bruce Bland , Alexandre Argenson

Managing the prediction of metrics in high-frequency financial markets is a challenging task. An efficient way is by monitoring the dynamics of a limit order book to identify the information edge. This paper describes the first publicly…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Adamantios Ntakaris , Martin Magris , Juho Kanniainen , Moncef Gabbouj , Alexandros Iosifidis

In this paper we explore optimal liquidation in a market populated by a number of heterogeneous market makers that have limited inventory-carrying and risk-bearing capacity. We derive a reduced form model for the dynamic of their aggregated…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2022-09-01 Marina Di Giacinto , Claudio Tebaldi , Tai-Ho Wang

Starting from the Avellaneda-Stoikov framework, we consider a market maker who wants to optimally set bid/ask quotes over a finite time horizon, to maximize her expected utility. The intensities of the orders she receives depend not only on…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2020-06-29 Diego Zabaljauregui , Luciano Campi

Market equilibria of matching markets offer an intuitive and fair solution for matching problems without money with agents who have preferences over the items. Such a matching market can be viewed as a variation of Fisher market, albeit…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-03 Saeed Alaei , Pooya Jalaly , Eva Tardos

The common wisdom argues that, in general, large trades cause large price changes, while small trades cause small price changes. However, for extremely large price changes, the trade size and news play a minor role, while the liquidity…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2012-02-27 Wei-Xing Zhou

The over-the-counter (OTC) market is characterized by a unique feature that allows market makers to adjust bid-ask spreads based on order size. However, this flexibility introduces complexity, transforming the market-making problem into a…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2023-07-06 Zhou Fang , Haiqing Xu