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End-to-end deep learning models fed with multi-band galaxy images are powerful data-driven tools used to estimate galaxy physical properties in the absence of spectroscopy. However, due to a lack of interpretability and the associational…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-26 Wei Zhang , Qiufan Lin , Yuan-Sen Ting , Shupei Chen , Hengxin Ruan , Song Li , Yifan Wang

During the last decade, there has been an explosive growth in survey data and deep learning techniques, both of which have enabled great advances for astronomy. The amount of data from various surveys from multiple epochs with a wide range…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-08 Brandon Buncher , Awshesh Nath Sharma , Matias Carrasco Kind

Photometric redshifts (photo-$z$'s) will be crucial for studies of galaxy evolution, large-scale structure, and transients with the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope. Deep learning methods leverage pixel-level information from ground-based…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-14 Ashod Khederlarian , Brett H. Andrews , Jeffrey A. Newman , Tianqing Zhang , Biprateep Dey

We present a technique for the estimation of photometric redshifts based on feed-forward neural networks. The Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) Artificial Neural Network is used to predict photometric redshifts in the HDF-S from an ultra deep…

We present a forward modeling framework for estimating galaxy redshift distributions from photometric surveys. Our forward model is composed of: a detailed population model describing the intrinsic distribution of physical characteristics…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-01 Justin Alsing , Hiranya Peiris , Daniel Mortlock , Joel Leja , Boris Leistedt

In this paper we present photometric redshifts for 2.7 million galaxies in the XMM-LSS and COSMOS fields, both with rich optical and near-infrared data from VISTA and HyperSuprimeCam. Both template fitting (using galaxy and Active Galactic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-06-03 P. W. Hatfield , M. J. Jarvis , N. Adams , R. A. A. Bowler , B. Häußler , K. J. Duncan

We present METAPHOR (Machine-learning Estimation Tool for Accurate PHOtometric Redshifts), a method able to provide a reliable PDF for photometric galaxy redshifts estimated through empirical techniques. METAPHOR is a modular workflow,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-14 Valeria Amaro , Stefano Cavuoti , Massimo Brescia , Civita Vellucci , Crescenzo Tortora , Giuseppe Longo

We test the effectiveness of photometric redshifts based upon galaxy spectral template fitting for X-ray luminous objects, using a sample of 65 sources detected by Chandra in the field of the Caltech Faint Galaxy Redshift Survey (CFGRS). We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Anthony H. Gonzalez , Thomas J. Maccarone

Three-dimensional wide-field galaxy surveys are fundamental for cosmological studies. For higher redshifts (z > 1.0), where galaxies are too faint, quasars still trace the large-scale structure of the Universe. Since available telescope…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-21 Sándor Kunsági-Máté , Róbert Beck , István Szapudi , István Csabai

We present BlendHunter, a proof-of-concept for a deep transfer learning based approach for the automated and robust identification of blended sources in galaxy survey data. We take the VGG-16 network with pre-trained convolutional layers…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-19 S. Farrens , A. Lacan , A. Guinot , A. Z. Vitorelli

We use multi-band optical and near-infrared photometric observations of galaxies in the Cosmic Assembly Near-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) to predict photometric redshifts using artificial neural networks. The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-01-15 Derek Wilson , Hooshang Nayyeri , Asantha Cooray , Boris Häußler

We show how to enhance the redshift accuracy of surveys consisting of tracers with highly uncertain positions along the line of sight. Photometric surveys with redshift uncertainty delta_z ~ 0.03 can yield final redshift uncertainties of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Jens Jasche , Benjamin D. Wandelt

We present a rigorous mathematical solution to photometric redshift estimation and the more general inversion problem. The challenge we address is to meaningfully constrain unknown properties of astronomical sources based on given…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Tamas Budavari

We exploit the synergy between low-resolution spectroscopy and photometric redshifts to study environmental effects on galaxy evolution in slitless spectroscopic surveys from space. As a test case, we consider the future Euclid Deep survey…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-08-31 O. Cucciati , F. Marulli , A. Cimatti , A. I. Merson , P. Norberg , L. Pozzetti , C. M. Baugh , E. Branchini

We present a computationally efficient galaxy archetype-based redshift estimation and spectral classification method for the Dark Energy Survey Instrument (DESI) survey. The DESI survey currently relies on a redshift fitter and spectral…

Broadband photometry offers a time and cost effective method to reconstruct the continuum emission of celestial objects. Thus, photometric redshift estimation has supported the scientific exploitation of extragalactic multiwavelength…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-10-31 S. Fotopoulou , S. Paltani

We present a multi-modal foundation model for astrophysical galaxy data, designed to map between simulation- and observation-based galactic features. Our encoder-only transformer flexibly ingests scalar quantities (e.g., redshifts, galaxy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-10 Bin Xia , Nesar Ramachandra , Azton I. Wells , Salman Habib , John Wise

Photometric redshift estimation plays a crucial role in modern cosmological surveys for studying the universe's large-scale structures and the evolution of galaxies. Deep learning has emerged as a powerful method to produce accurate…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-04 R. Ait-Ouahmed , S. Arnouts , J. Pasquet , M. Treyer , E. Bertin

Redshift measurement has always been a constant need in modern astronomy and cosmology. And as new surveys have been providing an immense amount of data on astronomical objects, the need to process such data automatically proves to be…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-22 Felipe M F de Oliveira , Marcelo Vargas dos Santos , Ribamar R R Reis

With the advent of billion-galaxy surveys with complex data, the need of the hour is to efficiently model galaxy spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with robust uncertainty quantification. The combination of Simulation-Based inference…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-11-18 Gourav Khullar , Brian Nord , Aleksandra Ciprijanovic , Jason Poh , Fei Xu