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Image captioning by the encoder-decoder framework has shown tremendous advancement in the last decade where CNN is mainly used as encoder and LSTM is used as a decoder. Despite such an impressive achievement in terms of accuracy in simple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-09 Rana Adnan Ahmad , Muhammad Azhar , Hina Sattar

Remote sensing image change captioning (RSICC) aims to articulate the changes in objects of interest within bi-temporal remote sensing images using natural language. Given the limitations of current RSICC methods in expressing general…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Yongshuo Zhu , Lu Li , Keyan Chen , Chenyang Liu , Fugen Zhou , Zhenwei Shi

While recent advances in reinforcement learning have significantly enhanced reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs), these techniques remain underexplored in multi-modal LLMs for video captioning. This paper presents the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Desen Meng , Rui Huang , Zhilin Dai , Xinhao Li , Yifan Xu , Jun Zhang , Zhenpeng Huang , Meng Zhang , Lingshu Zhang , Yi Liu , Limin Wang

Self-training (ST) has come to fruition in language understanding tasks by producing pseudo labels, which reduces the labeling bottleneck of language model fine-tuning. Nevertheless, in facilitating semi-supervised controllable language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Yuxi Feng , Xiaoyuan Yi , Laks V. S. Lakshmanan , Xing Xie

In this work, we present a simple yet better variant of Self-Critical Sequence Training. We make a simple change in the choice of baseline function in REINFORCE algorithm. The new baseline can bring better performance with no extra cost,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Ruotian Luo

In this work, we focus on improving the captions generated by image-caption generation systems. We propose a novel re-ranking approach that leverages visual-semantic measures to identify the ideal caption that maximally captures the visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Ahmed Sabir , Francesc Moreno-Noguer , Pranava Madhyastha , Lluís Padró

Image copy detection is an important task for content moderation. We introduce SSCD, a model that builds on a recent self-supervised contrastive training objective. We adapt this method to the copy detection task by changing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Ed Pizzi , Sreya Dutta Roy , Sugosh Nagavara Ravindra , Priya Goyal , Matthijs Douze

In this work, we present a simple yet theoretically motivated improvement to Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) for the Large Language Model (LLM), addressing its limited generalization compared to reinforcement learning (RL). Through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Yongliang Wu , Yizhou Zhou , Zhou Ziheng , Yingzhe Peng , Xinyu Ye , Xinting Hu , Wenbo Zhu , Lu Qi , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Xu Yang

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have been driven by their emergent reasoning capabilities, particularly through long chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting, which enables thorough exploration and deliberation. Despite these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Junnan Liu , Hongwei Liu , Songyang Zhang , Kai Chen

We investigate the effect of different model architectures, training objectives, hyperparameter settings and decoding procedures on the diversity of automatically generated image captions. Our results show that 1) simple decoding by naive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Ruotian Luo , Gregory Shakhnarovich

Image Captioning (IC) models can highly benefit from human feedback in the training process, especially in cases where data is limited. We present work-in-progress on adapting an IC system to integrate human feedback, with the goal to make…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Aliki Anagnostopoulou , Mareike Hartmann , Daniel Sonntag

Automatically generating descriptive captions for images is a well-researched area in computer vision. However, existing evaluation approaches focus on measuring the similarity between two sentences disregarding fine-grained semantics of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Philipp Harzig , Dan Zecha , Rainer Lienhart , Carolin Kaiser , René Schallner

We propose a novel reinforcement learning framework for post training large language models that does not rely on human in the loop feedback. Instead, our approach uses cross attention signals within the model itself to derive a self…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Andrew Kiruluta , Andreas Lemos , Priscilla Burity

Recently, end-to-end automatic speech recognition has become the mainstream approach in both industry and academia. To optimize system performance in specific scenarios, the Weighted Finite-State Transducer (WFST) is extensively used to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-08 Wei Zhang , Tian-Hao Zhang , Chao Luo , Hui Zhou , Chao Yang , Xinyuan Qian , Xu-Cheng Yin

Image captioning has emerged as a crucial task in the intersection of computer vision and natural language processing, enabling automated generation of descriptive text from visual content. In the context of remote sensing, image captioning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Khang Truong , Lam Pham , Hieu Tang , Jasmin Lampert , Martin Boyer , Son Phan , Truong Nguyen

While advanced image captioning systems are increasingly describing images coherently and exactly, recent progress in continual learning allows deep learning models to avoid catastrophic forgetting. However, the domain where image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Giang Nguyen , Tae Joon Jun , Trung Tran , Tolcha Yalew , Daeyoung Kim

Over the years, state-of-the-art (SoTA) image captioning methods have achieved promising results on some evaluation metrics (e.g., CIDEr). However, recent findings show that the captions generated by these methods tend to be biased toward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Qi Chen , Chaorui Deng , Qi Wu

Image captioning aims at automatically generating descriptions of an image in natural language. This is a challenging problem in the field of artificial intelligence that has recently received significant attention in the computer vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Hassan Maleki Galandouz , Mohsen Ebrahimi Moghaddam , Mehrnoush Shamsfard

Neural networks have demonstrated exceptional performance in supervised learning, benefiting from abundant high-quality annotated data. However, obtaining such data in real-world scenarios is costly and labor-intensive. Semi-supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Shuai Zhao , Heyan Huang , Xinge Li , Xiaokang Chen , Rui Wang

Video captioning is the task of automatically generating a textual description of the actions in a video. Although previous work (e.g. sequence-to-sequence model) has shown promising results in abstracting a coarse description of a short…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-30 Xin Wang , Wenhu Chen , Jiawei Wu , Yuan-Fang Wang , William Yang Wang