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We improve the centrality definition in impact parameter in PACIAE model responding the fact reported by the ALICE, ATLAS, and CMS collaborations that the maximum impact parameter in heavy ion collisions should be extended to 20 $fm$.…

Global variables, such as the charged particle multiplicity and the transverse energy are important observables to characterize Relativistic Heavy Ion collisions and to constrain model calculations. The charged particle multiplicity…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-14 Alberica Toia

Centrality-dependent measurements of hadron and jet cross section attenuation in deep inelastic scattering on nuclei can shed new light on the physics of final-state interactions in the nuclear matter, including the path-length dependence…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-03-28 Hai Tao Li , Ze Long Liu , Ivan Vitev

Centrality determination remains one of the major sources of systematic uncertainty in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collision analyses, especially for probing the nuclear equation of state (EoS) at supra-saturation densities. To…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-01-29 Xiaoqing Yue , Pengcheng Li , Yongjia Wang , Qingfeng Li , Fuhu Liu

In this work, we investigate the feasibility of defining centrality in electron-ion collisions at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) by examining the correlation between the impact parameter and several observables, including total energy,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-03-10 Mariam Hegazy , Aliaa Rafaat , Niseem Magdy , Wenliang Li , Abhay Deshpande , A. M. H. Abdelhady , A. Y. Ellithi

We propose a method to organize experimental data from particle collision experiments in a general format which can enable a simple visualisation and effective classification of collision data using machine learning techniques. The method…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-04-15 S. V. Chekanov

The experimental results on some centrality depending characteristics of hadron-nuclear and nuclear-nuclear interactions at high energies demonstrate the regime changes. Appearance of strong interaction matter's mixed states is considered…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2015-06-25 M. K. Suleymanov , O. B. Abdinnov , N. S. Angelov , B. Z. Belashev , Ya. G. Guseynaliyev , A. A. Kuznetchov , A. S. Vodopianov

Volume or centrality fluctuations (CF) is one of the main uncertainties for interpreting the centrality dependence of many experimental observables. The CF is constrained by centrality selection based on particle multiplicity in a reference…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-10-24 Mingliang Zhou , Jiangyong Jia

In this Letter, the ALICE Collaboration presents the first measurements of the charged-particle multiplicity density, $\rm{d}N_{\rm{ch}}/\rm{d}\eta$, and total charged-particle multiplicity, $N_{\rm{ch}}^{\rm{tot}}$, in Xe-Xe collisions at…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-01-28 ALICE Collaboration

In this study, we explore the applicability of Transfer Learning techniques for estimating collision centrality in terms of the number of participants ($N_{\rm part}$) in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. In the present work, we leverage…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-07-11 Dipankar Basak , Kalyan Dey

The recently measured centrality dependence of high energy jets in proton-lead collisions at the LHC is investigated. We hypothesize that events with jets of very high energy (a few hundred GeV) are characterized by a suppressed number of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-04-13 Adam Bzdak , Vladimir Skokov , Stefan Bathe

The centrality determination for Au+Au collisions at 1.23A GeV, as measured with HADES at the GSI-SIS18, is described. In order to extract collision geometry related quantities, such as the average impact parameter or number of…

Highly energetic jets are sensitive probes for the kinematics and the topology of nuclear collisions. Jets are collimated sprays of charged and neutral particles, which are produced in the fragmentation of hard scattered partons in an early…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-13 Rüdiger Haake

We study the dependence of the normalized moments of the net-proton multiplicity distributions on the definition of centrality in relativistic nuclear collisions at a beam energy of $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}= 7.7$ GeV. Using the UrQMD model…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-12-25 S. Sombun , J. Steinheimer , C. Herold , A. Limphirat , Y. Yan , M. Bleicher

We present results for the charged-particle multiplicity distribution at mid-rapidity in Au - Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=130 GeV measured with the PHENIX detector at RHIC. For the 5% most central collisions we find $dN_{ch}/d\eta_{|\eta=0}…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2008-11-26 PHENIX Collaboration , K. Adcox

Centrality selection has been observed to have a large effect on jet observables in pPb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, stronger than that predicted by the nuclear modification of parton densities. We study to which extent simple…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-02-11 Nestor Armesto , Doga Can Gulhan , Jose Guilherme Milhano

Event-by-event multiplicity fluctuations in nucleus-nucleus collisions are studied within the relativistic transport models: EPOS, PHSD, and UrQMD. As measures of particle number fluctuations we consider the scaled variances $\omega[X]$ for…

The ATLAS experiment at the LHC has measured the centrality dependence of charged particle pseudorapidity distribution, charged particle spectra, and the two-particle correlations in p+Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-21 Alexander Milov

Event classifiers based either on the charged-particle multiplicity or on event topologies, such as spherocity and underlying event, became very useful tools to study collective-like behaviors in small collision systems. However,…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-12-19 Gyula Bencédi

The higher order moments of the net-baryon distributions in relativistic heavy ion collisions are useful probes for the QCD critical point and fluctuations. Within a simple model we study the colliding energy and centrality dependence of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-05-30 X. Wang , C. B. Yang