Related papers: Magnetic Coordinate Systems
It is known that the magnetic field of the Earth's closed magnetosphere can be highly displaced from the quiet-day configuration when interacting with the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), an asymmetry largely controlled by the dawn-dusk…
We present an automated approach for identifying magnetospheric regions using supervised machine learning techniques applied to Magnetospheric MultiScale mission data. Our method utilizes ion energy spectra, total magnetic field, total ion…
The surface structure of the magnetic field in stars is one part of the information about the surface inhomogeneities like brightness, movement or chemical composition, which is contained in the integral radiation flux but distorted beyond…
Mapping of magnetic field lines is important for studies of the solar wind and the sources and propagation of energetic particles between the Sun and observers. A recently developed mapping approach is generalised to use a more advanced…
Fully relativistic coordinates have been proposed for (relativistically) running a "GPS" system. These coordinates are the arrival times of the light signals emitted by four "satellites" (clocks). Replacing the signals emitted by four…
The question whether magnetic fields play an important role in the processes of molecular cloud and star formation has been debated for decades. Recent observations have revealed a simple picture that may help illuminate these questions:…
We use the am, an, as and the a-sigma geomagnetic indices to the explore a previously overlooked factor in magnetospheric electrodynamics, namely the inductive effect of diurnal motions of the Earth's magnetic poles toward and away from the…
In this paper we establish a generally and globally valid coordinate system in curved space-time with the simultaneous hypersurface orthogonal to the time coordinate. The time coordinate can be preseted according to practical evolving…
In this paper global surface wave modes supported by plasma discontinuities at both the magnetopause and the plasmapause are considered. The ionosphere at the ends of the magnetic field lines of the earth outer magnetosphere is considered…
Large scale solar magnetic field topology has a great influence on the structure of the corona, heliosphera and geomagnetic perturbations. Data obtained over the last three solar cycles have been analysed to reveal the relationships between…
The transport of energetic particles such as Cosmic Rays is governed by the properties of the plasma being traversed. While these properties are rather poorly known for galactic and interstellar plasmas due to the lack of in situ…
The solar magnetic structure changes over the solar cycle. It has a dipole structure during solar minimum, where the open flux extends mainly from the polar regions into the interplanetary space. During maximum, a complex structure is…
Solar irradiance is considered one of the main natural factors affecting terrestrial climate, and its variations are included in most numerical models estimating the effects of natural versus anthropogenic factors for climate change. Solar…
Interstellar magnetic fields play critical roles in many astrophysical processes. Yet despite their importance, our knowledge about magnetic fields in our Galaxy remains limited. For the field within the Milky Way, much of what we do know…
The cosmic rays differential intensity inside the heliosphere, for energy below 30 GeV/nuc, depends on solar activity and interplanetary magnetic field polarity. This variation, termed solar modulation, is described using a 2-D (radius and…
After a short introduction on how we get information of the magnetic fields from radio observations I discuss the results concerning the magnetic field structure in galaxies: Large-scale regular magnetic field pattern of spiral structure…
The magnetic domain configuration of a system reveals a wealth of information about the fundamental magnetic properties of that system and can be a critical factor in the operation of magnetic devices. Not only are the details of the domain…
The use of four Lagrange points of the Sun/Earth system for fundamental physics experiments in space is presented. L1, L2, L4 and L5 rotating rigidly together with the Earth form a natural reference frame at the scale of the inner solar…
Context. High resolution magnetic field measurements are routinely done only in the solar photosphere. Higher layers like the chromosphere and corona can be modeled by extrapolating the photospheric magnetic field upward. In the solar…
In this review, our present day understanding of the Sun's global photospheric and coronal magnetic fields is discussed from both observational and theoretical viewpoints. Firstly, the large-scale properties of photospheric magnetic fields…