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Quantum key distribution (QKD), provides the only intrinsically unconditional secure method for communication based on principle of quantum mechanics. Compared with fiber-based demonstrations-, free-space links could provide the most…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) uses individual light quanta in quantum superposition states to guarantee unconditional communication security between distant parties. In practice, the achievable distance for QKD has been limited to a few…

Optical quantum communication utilizing satellite platforms has the potential to extend the reach of quantum key distribution (QKD) from terrestrial limits of ~200 km to global scales. We have developed a thorough numerical simulation using…

Recent rapid growth in the number of satellite-constellation programs for remote sensing and communications, thanks to the availability of small-size and low-cost satellites, provides impetus for high capacity laser communication (lasercom)…

The measurement of quantum signals that traveled through long distances is of fundamental and technological interest. We present quantum-limited coherent measurements of optical signals, sent from a satellite in geostationary Earth orbit to…

The transmission and reception of polarized quantum-limited signals from space is of capital interest for a variety of fundamental-physics experiments and quantum-communication protocols. Specifically, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) deals…

In this paper, we investigate the optimization of global quantum communication through satellite constellations. We address the challenge of quantum key distribution (QKD) across vast distances and the limitations posed by terrestrial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 Yichen Gao , Guanqun Song , Ting Zhu

Quantum satellite communication (QSC) is emerging as a strategic technology for secure global networking and long-distance quantum connectivity. This review prioritizes the major challenges that still hinder large-scale deployment,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Omar Alnaseri , Yassine Himeur , Ahmed Al Asadi , Mohammed A. Ala'anzy , Rida Gadhafi , Shadi Atalla , Wathiq Mansoor

This paper will explore the design and implementation of quantum networks in space integrated with quantum networks on Earth. We propose a three-layer approach, involving GEO and LEO satellites integrated with terrestrial ground stations.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-18 Andrea Conti , Robert Malaney , Moe Z. Win

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a cryptographic method enabling two parties to establish a private encryption key. The range of communication of ground-based QKD is limited to an order of 100km, due to in-fibre attenuations and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-04 Olivia Lee , Tom Vergoossen

Quantum Communications on planetary scale require complementary channels including ground and satellite links. The former have progressed up to commercial stage using fiber-cables, while for satellite links, the absence of terminals in…

Satellite-based quantum communications represent a critical advancement in the pursuit of secure, global-scale quantum networks. Leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics, these systems offer unparalleled security through Quantum Key…

Recent milestone experiments establishing satellite-to-ground quantum communication are paving the way for the development of the quantum internet, a network interconnected by quantum channels. Here we employ network theory to study the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-13 Samuraí Brito , Askery Canabarro , Daniel Cavalcanti , Rafael Chaves

Establishing reliable quantum links between a network of satellites and ground stations is a crucial step towards realizing a wide range of satellite-based quantum protocols, including global quantum networks, distributed sensing, quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-19 Stav Haldar , Rachel L. McDonald , Sage Ducoing , Ivan Agullo

By harnessing quantum effects, we nowadays can use encryption that is in principle proven to withstand any conceivable attack. These fascinating quantum features have been implemented in metropolitan quantum networks around the world. In…

The quantum internet is a global network to distribute entanglement and communicate quantum information with applications in cybersecurity, quantum computing, and quantum sensing. Here, we propose building a quantum internet using a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-14 Alireza Shabani

We have tested the experimental prerequisites for a Space-to-Ground quantum communication link between satellites and an optical ground station. The feasibility of our ideas is being assessed using the facilities of the ASI Matera Laser…

The recent launch of the Micius quantum-enabled satellite heralds a major step forward for long-range quantum communication. Using single-photon discrete-variable quantum states, this exciting new development proves beyond any doubt that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-08 Nedasadat Hosseinidehaj , Robert Malaney , Soon Xin Ng , Lajos Hanzo

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a family of protocols for growing a private encryption key between two parties. Despite much progress, all ground-based QKD approaches have a distance limit due to atmospheric losses or in-fibre…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-28 Robert Bedington , Juan Miguel Arrazola , Alexander Ling

A quantum network provides an infrastructure connecting quantum devices with revolutionary computing, sensing, and communication capabilities. As the best-known application of a quantum network, quantum key distribution (QKD) shares secure…

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