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Variational auto-encoders (VAEs) are a powerful approach to unsupervised learning. They enable scalable approximate posterior inference in latent-variable models using variational inference (VI). A VAE posits a variational family…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Samarth Sinha , Adji B. Dieng

Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a powerful method for learning representations of high-dimensional data. However, VAEs can suffer from an issue known as latent variable collapse (or KL loss vanishing), where the posterior collapses to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Ruizhe Li , Xiao Li , Chenghua Lin , Matthew Collinson , Rui Mao

The Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) is one of the most used unsupervised machine learning models. But although the default choice of a Gaussian distribution for both the prior and posterior represents a mathematically convenient distribution…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-28 Tim R. Davidson , Luca Falorsi , Nicola De Cao , Thomas Kipf , Jakub M. Tomczak

Each training step for a variational autoencoder (VAE) requires us to sample from the approximate posterior, so we usually choose simple (e.g. factorised) approximate posteriors in which sampling is an efficient computation that fully…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-29 Laurence Aitchison , Vincent Adam , Srinivas C. Turaga

The framework of normalizing flows provides a general strategy for flexible variational inference of posteriors over latent variables. We propose a new type of normalizing flow, inverse autoregressive flow (IAF), that, in contrast to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-01 Diederik P. Kingma , Tim Salimans , Rafal Jozefowicz , Xi Chen , Ilya Sutskever , Max Welling

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) combine latent variables with amortized variational inference, whose optimization usually converges into a trivial local optimum termed posterior collapse, especially in text modeling. By tracking the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Chen Wu , Prince Zizhuang Wang , William Yang Wang

Hierarchical Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are among the most popular likelihood-based generative models. There is a consensus that the top-down hierarchical VAEs allow effective learning of deep latent structures and avoid problems like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Anna Kuzina , Jakub M. Tomczak

Density estimation, compression and data generation are crucial tasks in artificial intelligence. Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) constitute a single framework to achieve these goals. Here, we present a novel class of generative models,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-07 Ioannis Gatopoulos , Jakub M. Tomczak

In this work we study Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) from the perspective of harmonic analysis. By viewing a VAE's latent space as a Gaussian Space, a variety of measure space, we derive a series of results that show that the encoder…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-26 Alexander Camuto , Matthew Willetts

In recent years Variation Autoencoders have become one of the most popular unsupervised learning of complicated distributions.Variational Autoencoder (VAE) provides more efficient reconstructive performance over a traditional autoencoder.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-12 Gautam Ramachandra

Posterior collapse plagues VAEs for text, especially for conditional text generation with strong autoregressive decoders. In this work, we address this problem in variational neural machine translation by explicitly promoting mutual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Arya D. McCarthy , Xian Li , Jiatao Gu , Ning Dong

Variational Autoencoder (VAE), a simple and effective deep generative model, has led to a number of impressive empirical successes and spawned many advanced variants and theoretical investigations. However, recent studies demonstrate that,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Xuezhe Ma , Chunting Zhou , Eduard Hovy

Bayesian posterior inference is prevalent in various machine learning problems. Variational inference provides one way to approximate the posterior distribution, however its expressive power is limited and so is the accuracy of resulting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-11 Guoqing Zheng , Yiming Yang , Jaime Carbonell

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are a popular class of deep generative models with many variants and a wide range of applications. Improvements upon the standard VAE mostly focus on the modelling of the posterior distribution over the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-02 James Langley , Miguel Monteiro , Charles Jones , Nick Pawlowski , Ben Glocker

Invertible flow-based generative models are an effective method for learning to generate samples, while allowing for tractable likelihood computation and inference. However, the invertibility requirement restricts models to have the same…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Abhishek Kumar , Ben Poole , Kevin Murphy

Purpose: Handling heterogeneous and mixed data types has become increasingly critical with the exponential growth in real-world databases. While deep generative models attempt to merge diverse data views into a common latent space, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Alejandro Guerrero-López , Carlos Sevilla-Salcedo , Vanessa Gómez-Verdejo , Pablo M. Olmos

Deep hierarchical variational autoencoders (VAEs) are powerful latent variable generative models. In this paper, we introduce Hierarchical VAE with Diffusion-based Variational Mixture of the Posterior Prior (VampPrior). We apply…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Anna Kuzina , Jakub M. Tomczak

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are powerful deep generative models widely used to represent high-dimensional complex data through a low-dimensional latent space learned in an unsupervised manner. In the original VAE model, the input data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Laurent Girin , Simon Leglaive , Xiaoyu Bie , Julien Diard , Thomas Hueber , Xavier Alameda-Pineda

Normalizing flow (NF) has gained popularity over traditional maximum likelihood based methods due to its strong capability to model complex data distributions. However, the standard approach, which maps the observed data to a normal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Hanze Dong , Shizhe Diao , Weizhong Zhang , Tong Zhang

The key idea of variational auto-encoders (VAEs) resembles that of traditional auto-encoder models in which spatial information is supposed to be explicitly encoded in the latent space. However, the latent variables in VAEs are vectors,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Zhengyang Wang , Hao Yuan , Shuiwang Ji