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We derive a bound on the precision of state estimation for finite dimensional quantum systems and prove its attainability in the generic case where the spectrum is non-degenerate. Our results hold under an assumption called local asymptotic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-09 Yuxiang Yang , Giulio Chiribella , Masahito Hayashi

The ability to uniquely identify a quantum state is integral to quantum science, but for non-orthogonal states, quantum mechanics precludes deterministic, error-free discrimination. However, using the non-deterministic protocol of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-04 Megan Agnew , Eliot Bolduc , Kevin J. Resch , Sonja Franke-Arnold , Jonathan Leach

We investigate the optimal convex approximation of the quantum state with respect to a set of available states. By isometric transformation, we have presented the general mathematical model and its solutions together with a triple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-17 Xiao-Bin Liang , Bo Li , Liang Huang , Biao-Liang Ye , Shao-Ming Fei , Shi-Xiang Huang

We propose a probabilistic quantum protocol to realize a nonlinear transformation of qutrit states, which by iterative applications on ensembles can be used to distinguish two types of pure states. The protocol involves single-qutrit and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-20 P. V. Pyshkin , A. Gábris , O. Kálmán , I. Jex , T. Kiss

The problem of discriminating the state of a quantum system among a number of hypothetical states is usually addressed under the assumption that one has perfect knowledge of the possible states of the system. In this thesis, I analyze the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-18 Gael Sentís

Recently, the fast development of quantum technologies led to the need for tools allowing the characterization of quantum resources. In particular, the ability to estimate non-classical aspects, e.g. entanglement and quantum discord, in…

It has been known that all bipartite pure quantum states can be certified by quantum self-testing, i.e., any such states can be pinned down completely based on the statistics produced by local quantum measurements. A notable feature of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-13 Lijinzhi Lin , Zhenyu Chen , Xiaodie Lin , Zhaohui Wei

We investigate quantum state discrimination with confidentiality. $N$ observers share a given quantum state belonging to a finite set of known states. The observers want to determine the state as accurately as possible and send a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-30 Kenji Nakahira , Tsuyoshi Sasaki Usuda , Kentaro Kato

Quantum illumination is a protocol for detecting a low-reflectivity target by using two-mode entangled states composed of signal and idler modes, which can outperform unentangled states. We study multi-qudit states for single-shot detection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Sunghwa Kang , Yonggi Jo , Jihwan Kim , Zaeill Kim , Duk Y. Kim , Su-Yong Lee

We consider the optimal discrimination of nonorthogonal qubit states with post-measurement information and provide an analytic structure of the optimal measurements. We also show that there is always a null optimal measurement when…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-25 Donghoon Ha , Jeong San Kim , Younghun Kwon

Pattern recognition is a central topic in Learning Theory with numerous applications such as voice and text recognition, image analysis, computer diagnosis. The statistical set-up in classification is the following: we are given an i.i.d.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-06-23 Madalin Guta , Wojciech Kotlowski

Quantum state tomography (QST) is crucial for understanding and characterizing quantum systems through measurement data. Traditional QST methods face scalability challenges, requiring $\mathcal{O}(d^2)$ measurements for a general…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Jiahui Wu , Zheng An , Chao Zhang , Xuanran Zhu , Shilin Huang , Bei Zeng

A measurement strategy is developed for a new kind of hypothesis testing. It assigns, with minimum probability of error, the state of a quantum system to one or the other of two complementary subsets of a set of N given non-orthogonal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Ulrike Herzog , Janos A. Bergou

A fundamental problem in quantum information is to explore the roles of different quantum correlations in a quantum information procedure. Recent work [Phys. Rev. Lett., 107 (2011) 080401] shows that the protocol for assisted optimal state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-01 Li-Fang Xu , Fu-Lin Zhang , Mai-Lin Liang , Jing-Ling Chen

Quantum state smoothing is a technique to estimate an unknown true state of an open quantum system based on partial measurement information both prior and posterior to the time of interest. In this paper, we show that the smoothed quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-24 Kiarn T. Laverick , Ivonne Guevara , Howard M. Wiseman

We consider the problem of estimating the state of a large but finite number $N$ of identical quantum systems. In the limit of large $N$ the problem simplifies. In particular the only relevant measure of the quality of the estimation is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 R. D. Gill , S. Massar

The initialization of a quantum system into a certain state is a crucial aspect of quantum information science. While a variety of measurement strategies have been developed to characterize how well the system is initialized, for a given…

Measuring the closest distance between two states is an alternative and significant approach in the resource quantification, which is the core task in the resource theory. Quite limited progress has been made for this approach even in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-16 Li-qiang Zhang , Deng-hui Yu , Chang-shui Yu

We develop two analytic lower bounds on the probability of success p of identifying a state picked from a known ensemble of pure states: a bound based on the pairwise inner products of the states, and a bound based on the eigenvalues of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Ashley Montanaro

Bell nonlocality as a resource for device independent certification schemes has been studied extensively in recent years. The strongest form of device independent certification is referred to as self-testing, which given a device certifies…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-15 Shubhayan Sarkar , Debashis Saha , Jędrzej Kaniewski , Remigiusz Augusiak