Related papers: Leaky Wires: Information Leakage and Covert Commun…

Embedded systems are parts of our daily life and used in many fields. They can be found in smartphones or in modern cars including GPS, light/rain sensors and other electronic assistance mechanisms. These systems may handle sensitive data…

Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are known for their reprogrammability that allows for post-manufacture circuitry changes. Nowadays, they are integral to a variety of systems including high-security applications such as aerospace and…

In this paper we show how attackers can covertly leak data (e.g., encryption keys, passwords and files) from highly secure or air-gapped networks via the row of status LEDs that exists in networking equipment such as LAN switches and…

Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are a ubiquitous component across the range of today's computing platforms, from phones and tablets, through personal computers, to high-end server class platforms. With the increasing importance of graphics…

A practical quantum computer requires quantum bit (qubit) operations with low error rates in extensible architectures. We study a packaging method that makes it possible to address hundreds of superconducting qubits by means of…

Timing channels are information flows, encoded in the relative timing of events, that bypass the system's protection mechanisms. Any microarchitectural state that depends on execution history and affects the rate of progress of later…

On-chip networks have been proposed as the interconnect fabric for future systems-on-chip and multi-processors on chip. Power is one of the main constraints of these systems and interconnect consumes a significant portion of the power…

The Least-Recently Used cache replacement policy and its variants are widely deployed in modern processors. This paper shows for the first time in detail that the LRU states of caches can be used to leak information: any access to a cache…

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) leverage signal variations that occur within the device as a source of entropy. On-chip instrumentation is utilized by some PUF architectures to measure and digitize these variations, which are then…

When data is stored, compressed, or communicated through a media such as cable or air, sources of noise and other parameters such as EMI, crosstalk, and distance can considerably affect the reliability of these data. Error detection and…

Many organizations protect secure networked devices from non-secure networked devices by assigning each class of devices to a different logical network. These two logical networks, commonly called the host network and the guest network, use…

Threats associated with the untrusted fabrication of integrated circuits (ICs) are numerous: piracy, overproduction, reverse engineering, hardware trojans, etc. The use of reconfigurable elements (i.e., look-up tables as in FPGAs) is a…

AI acceleration has been dominated by GPUs, but the growing need for lower latency, energy efficiency, and fine-grained hardware control exposes the limits of fixed architectures. In this context, Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs)…

Physical isolation, so called air-gapping, is an effective method for protecting security-critical computers and networks. While it might be possible to introduce malicious code through the supply chain, insider attacks, or social…

Lots of researches indicate that the inefficient generation of random numbers is a significant bottleneck for information communication applications. Therefore, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is developed to process a scalable…

Discovering new vulnerabilities and implementing security and privacy measures are important to protect systems and data against physical attacks. One such vulnerability is impedance, an inherent property of a device that can be exploited…

Low-power wide area networks (LPWANs), such as LoRa, are fast emerging as the preferred networking technology for large-scale Internet of Things deployments (e.g., smart cities). Due to long communication range and ultra low power…

Productivity issues such as lengthy compilation and limited code reuse have restricted usage of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), despite significant technical advantages. Recent work into overlays -- virtual coarse-grained…

The wiretap channel is a well-studied problem in the physical layer security literature. Although it is proven that the decoding error probability and information leakage can be made arbitrarily small in the asymptotic regime, further…

This paper introduces a computer architecture, where part of the instruction set architecture (ISA) is implemented on small highly-integrated field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). Small FPGAs inside a general-purpose processor (CPU) can…